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About

About

I graduated in Electrical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto - FEUP (2003), and completed his PhD in Power Systems in November 2008, also in the University of Porto.

I am with the Centre for Power and Energy Systems of INESC TEC since September 2003, being senior researcher since 2009. I am also the “Network Studies and RES & DER Integration” Area leader in the Centre for Power and Energy Systems of INESC TEC since September 2015. In February 2009 I joined the Department of Electrical Engineering of FEUP as Assistant Professor, being involved in the lecturing activities in the Integrated Master in Electrical and Computer Engineering as well as in the Doctoral Programs (Doctoral Program in Sustainable Energy Systems and Doctoral Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering). 

I have been involved (either as a technical leader of research teams or as a Researcher) in several EU-funded projects, namely:

1.      MICROGRIDS: Large Scale Integration of Micro Generation to Low Voltage Grids;

2.      MORE-MICROGRIDS: Advanced Architectures and Control Concepts for More Microgrids;

3.      MERGE: Mobile Energy Resources for Grids of Electricity;

4.      TWENTIES: Transmission system operation with large penetration of Wind and other renewable Electricity sources in Networks by means of innovative Tools and Integrated Energy Solutions;

5.      HYPERBOLE: HYdropower plants PERformance and flexiBle Operation towards Lean integration of new renewable Energies;

6.      EU-SysFLEX: Pan-European system with an efficient coordinated use of flexibilities for the integration of a large share of RES.

I have been also involved in technical consultancy activities regarding wind farms connection to the grid. Additionally, I have been also providing technical consultancy regarding large-scale integration of renewable energy sources in isolated power systems while adressing system dynanmic and transient stability. 

The main domains of my current research activities are related with large scale integration of renewable power sources in isolated and interconnected power systems, power system dynamics and microgrids operation and control.

Interest
Topics
Details

Details

  • Name

    Carlos Moreira
  • Role

    Senior Researcher
  • Since

    01st March 2003
085
Publications

2024

A Novel Three-Phase Multiobjective Unified Power Quality Conditioner

Authors
Monteiro, V; Moreira, C; Lopes, JAP; Antunes, CH; Osorio, GJ; Catalao, JPS; Afonso, JL;

Publication
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

Abstract
The decarbonization of the economy and the increasing integration of renewable energy sources into the generation mix are bringing new challenges, requiring novel technological solutions in the topic of smart grids, which include smart transformers and energy storage systems. Additionally, power quality is a vital concern for the future smart grids; therefore, the continuous development of power electronics solutions to overcome power quality problems is of the utmost importance. In this context, this article proposes a novel three-phase multiobjective unified power quality conditioner (MO-UPQC), considering interfaces for solar PV panels and for energy storage in batteries. The MO-UPQC is capable of compensating power quality problems in the voltages (at the load side) and in the currents (at the power grid side), while it enables injecting power into the grid (from the PV panels or batteries) or charging the batteries (from the PV panels or from the grid). Experimental results were obtained with a three-phase four-wire laboratory prototype, demonstrating the feasibility and the large range of applications of the proposed MO-UPQC.

2024

Flexibility extension in hydropower for the provision of frequency control services within the European energy transition

Authors
Vasconcelos, MH; Castro, MV; Nicolet, C; Moreira, CL;

Publication
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the large-scale deployment of hydropower on the provision of frequency regulation services, when equipped with the extended flexibility solutions being developed and/or tested within the scope of the XFLEX HYDRO project. The current analysis is performed on the Iberian Peninsula (IP) power grid considering its interconnection to the Continental Europe (CE) system, since this power system zone is expected to have the most severe frequency transient behaviour in future scenarios with increased shares of variable renewable energies. For this purpose, prospective scenarios with increased shares of time variable renewable generation were identified and analysed. To assess the impacts of the hydropower flexibility solutions on frequency dynamics after a major active power loss, extensive time domain simulations were performed of the power system, including reliable reduced order dynamic models for the hydropower flexibility solutions under evaluation. This research assesses the effects of synchronous and synthetic inertia, and of the Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) and Fast Frequency Response (FFR) services as specified in European grid codes. The main findings highlight the potential of hydropower inertia and of adopting a variable speed technology for enhancing frequency stability, while contribute to better understand the role of hydropower plants in future power systems.

2023

Improving Dynamic Security in Islanded Power Systems: Quantification of Minimum Synchronous Inertia Considering Fault-Induced Frequency Deviations

Authors
Gouveia, J; Moreira, L; Peças Lopes, A;

Publication
Electricity

Abstract
In isolated power systems with very high instantaneous shares of renewables, additional inertia should be used as a complementary resource to battery energy storage systems (BESSs) for improving frequency stability, which can be provided by synchronous condensers (SCs) integrated into the system. Therefore, this paper presents a methodology to infer the system dynamic security, with respect to key frequency indicators, following critical disturbances. Of particular interest is the evidence that multiple short-circuit locations should be considered as reference disturbances regarding the frequency stability in isolated power grids with high shares of renewables. Thus, an artificial neural network (ANN) structure was developed, aiming to predict the network frequency nadir and Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF), considering a certain operating scenario and disturbances. For the operating conditions where the system frequency indicators are violated, a methodology is proposed based on a gradient descent technique, which quantifies the minimum amount of additional synchronous inertia (SCs which need to be dispatch) that moves the system towards its dynamic security region, exploiting the trained ANN, and computing the sensitivity of its outputs with respect to the input defining the SC inertia.

2023

Including Dynamic Security Constraints in Isolated Power Systems Unit Commitment/Economic Dispatch: a Machine Learning-based Approach

Authors
de Sousa, RP; Moreira, C; Carvalho, L; Matos, M;

Publication
2023 IEEE BELGRADE POWERTECH

Abstract
Isolated power systems with high shares of renewables can require additional inertia as a complementary resource to assure the system operation in a dynamic safe region. This paper presents a methodology for the day-ahead Unit Commitment/ Economic Dispatch (UC/ED) for low-inertia power systems including dynamic security constraints for key frequency indicators computed by an Artificial Neural-Network (ANN)-supported Dynamic Security Assessment (DSA) tool. The ANN-supported DSA tool infers the system dynamic performance with respect to key frequency indicators following critical disturbances and computes the additional synchronous inertia that brings the system back to its dynamic security region, by dispatching Synchronous Condensers (SC) if required. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the methodology proposed by enabling the system operation within safe frequency margins for a set of high relevance fault type contingencies while minimizing the additional costs associated with the SC operation.

2023

Multi-Class Stability Analysis of the Grid-Forming Placement Problem

Authors
Fernandes, F; Lopes, JP; Moreira, C;

Publication
2023 IEEE BELGRADE POWERTECH

Abstract
This paper evidences the ability of a VSM-based grid-forming to mitigate stability problems of different classes, raising a special concern towards the importance of its location in systems with large converter-interfaced renewable energy systems. Within this context, a multi-class stability assessment, that pillars on the simulation of different nature disturbances and in the subsequent evaluation of a 4 index set, was performed. Such analysis was carried out on a modified version of the IEEE39 Test System, using DigSILENT Power Factory as the simulation engine.

Supervised
thesis

2022

Advanced Control Functionalities for Smart-Transformers Integrating Hybrid MicroGrids

Author
Justino Miguel Ferreira Rodrigues

Institution
UP-FEUP

2022

Islanding Operation and Black Start Strategies for Multi-Microgrids using the Smart Transformer

Author
Mário Jorge Teixeira Couto

Institution
UP-FEUP

2022

Controlo de tensão em redes de distribuição com transformadores eletrónicos

Author
Vera Lúcia Cardoso Nunes

Institution
UP-FEUP

2022

Contributions for improving the stability of autonomous power systems with low synchronous inertia

Author
José Miguel Rodrigues Gouveia

Institution
UP-FEUP

2022

Comportamento Dinâmico de Sistemas de Transmissão com Inércia Reduzida

Author
Ana Sofia Carvalho da Silva

Institution
UP-FEUP