Abstract
Handheld controllers are standard in immersive virtual reality (iVR), but the rise of natural hand-based interactions exposes the limitations of hand gestures, especially for point-and-click tasks with graphical user interfaces (GUI). This shows the need to explore alternative hands-free selection methods. Unlike most studies focusing on the selection task itself, this work evaluates the impact of such methods on multiple dimensions when selections occur alongside another primary task. The tested methods were: head gaze + dwell, leaning, and voice; eye gaze + dwell, leaning, blinking, and voice; and voice-only. Controllers served as the baseline. Methods were further analyzed by pointing and confirming mechanisms. Four dimensions were analyzed: (1) iVR experience, (2) user satisfaction, (3) usability, and (4) efficiency and effectiveness. With 72 participants, results show hands-free methods provide comparable experiences to controllers, suggesting selection methods have a lower impact on the user experience when users focus on a primary task.

Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive quantitative review of the determinants of aggregate productivity growth using bibliometric and network-based methods. Drawing on 523 peer-reviewed articles published between 1973 and 2024 in Scopus and Web of Science, the study systematically maps the intellectual foundations, research fronts, and conceptual evolution of the field. Results show that research has remained overwhelmingly macro-focused, with 85%-90% of studies addressing aggregate-level determinants. Innovation, institutions, and technology diffusion dominate the literature, while firm-level (microeconomic) explanations, though increasing since the mid-2000s, remain secondary, largely addressing resource allocation. Competition, firm-level innovation, and organizational capabilities are underexplored despite their relevance for aggregate outcomes. By combining co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and keyword co-occurrence analyses, the study reveals the multilevel structure of productivity research, illustrating how macro theories, meso-level sectoral mechanisms, and micro-level firm dynamics interact. These findings highlight the limits of macro-centric explanations of productivity slowdowns and underscore the need to explore cross-level mechanisms, firm heterogeneity, and institutional interactions. This study offers a novel methodological benchmark and a structured agenda for research and policy, aiming to enhance productivity growth.

Abstract
This paper aims to examine how Portugal and Brazil leveraged digital marketing to redefine their country brands during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. By focusing on the application of innovative digital strategies in tourism and culture, the research highlights the transformative potential of digital tools in overcoming pandemic-related challenges. Specifically, the study identifies key approaches such as the use of social media, data analytics, virtual reality, and influencer marketing that were strategically employed to maintain global engagement, foster international visibility, and support economic recovery. The results demonstrate that integrating digital marketing into country branding strategies not only sustained international recognition but also accelerated the adoption of sustainable tourism practices. By analyzing the cases of Portugal and Brazil, this paper provides actionable insights for policy-makers and practitioners seeking to align tourism growth with global sustainability goals. These findings underscore the critical importance of digital transformation in enhancing the resilience and competitiveness of the tourism sector in a post-pandemic world.

Abstract
Since its founding in 2003, the Journal of Academic Ethics (JAET) has established itself as a central venue for scholarship on the ethical dimensions of higher education, research, and academic governance. Despite its prominence, no systematic analysis has charted the evolution of its intellectual profile over time. This study offers a comprehensive bibliometric overview of JAET's publications from 2003 to 2025, mapping patterns of authorship, citation, and thematic development. The dataset comprises records retrieved from Scopus for the period 2005-2025 and from JAET's own archives for 2003-2004. Using bibliometric indicators and network visualizations generated with VOSviewer, the analysis identifies key shifts in the journal's conceptual orientation, from early emphases on misconduct and plagiarism toward broader engagements with institutional integrity, governance, diversity, and the ethics of digital transformation. A narrative comparison with related journals situates JAET's distinctive integrative role in linking philosophical reflection with empirical inquiry and policy discourse. The findings reveal increasing interdisciplinarity, international collaboration, and methodological diversification, marking the maturation of academic ethics as a field. Looking forward, emerging challenges such as artificial intelligence, open science, and global research governance underscore JAET's continuing function as both a barometer and catalyst of ethical thought in academia.

Abstract
The dataset reports an up-to-date overview of the selective biowaste collection with a focus on food waste and organic kitchen waste across 308 municipalities in Portugal, to assess the compliance with the EU Waste Framework Directive that made biowaste collection mandatory from 1st January 2024. Data were collected through a structured survey sent to the totality of the municipalities, complemented by systematic research in secondary official sources such as municipal web-sites, reports and statistical data. The questionnaire covered aspects such as coverage, collection models (nearby bring points, door-to-door, co-collection), sector-specific deployment (household collection, non-domestic collection), operational characteristics, and performance indicators (capture rates, cost per tonne). The dataset was structured and validated through cross-checking the multiple sources assessed, prioritising direct municipal questionnaire responses. It includes disaggregated data at a municipality level, including detailed information on the characteristics and efficiency of the initiatives, when available. The database allows the cross-comparison across Portuguese regions and potentially with other international systems, in terms of biowaste collection strategies with focus on food waste and organic kitchen waste. Municipalities in Portugal have been carrying out pilot experiences within their territories, but there is no systematic assessment of what has been carried out nor the results obtained. Given the limited available data, this dataset provides a valuable resource for policy design and further research on biowaste management initiatives to further assess their efficiency and adaptability to different municipal realities at a national and even European level. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Abstract
This study examines the scientific contributions of the Higher Institute of Accounting and Administration at the University of Aveiro (ISCA-UA) from 2019 to 2022, focusing on how these align with Education 5.0 and Society 5.0 goals. Using a case study approach, data were collected from institutional records, analyzing publications by type and thematic focus, emphasizing areas that promote societal well-being, multiliteracy, and educational innovation. The methodology involves a mixed-methods approach: quantitative analysis assesses publication trends, distribution by faculty rank, and output frequency, while qualitative analysis identifies themes relevant to societal and educational advancements. This approach provides insights into how ISCA-UA's research aligns with Education 5.0 objectives, fostering both technical and socio-emotional skills needed for a super-smart society. Findings highlight an increase in publications addressing digital transformation, sustainability, and governance, reflecting the institution's adaptability and responsiveness to societal shifts, particularly noticeable during the COVID-19 pandemic. This emphasis supports Education 5.0s aims of preparing students with versatile skills for modern challenges. The study contributes to the academic literature by showing how higher education institutions can align research outputs with global educational frameworks, promoting interdisciplinary skills and social responsibility. Future research could explore the impact of these themes on curriculum design and student development, further supporting the evolution toward Education 5.0.