Abstract
Whether research output significantly impacts on economic growth, and which research areas/fields of science matter the most to improve the economic performance of countries, stand as fundamental endeavors of scientific inquiry. Although the extant literature has analyzed the impact of research output on economic growth both holistically and by field, the impact of academic knowledge as a capital good (hard and social sciences) versus a final good (medical and humanities) has been largely neglected in analyses involving large sets of countries over a broad period of time. Based on a sample of 65 countries over 36 years (1980 to 2016), and employing system GMM dynamic panel data estimations, four main results are worth highlighting: (1) holistic research output positively and significantly impacts on economic growth; (2) both the academic knowledge of scientific areas that most resemble capital goods (physical sciences, engineering and technology, life sciences or social sciences) or final goods (base clinical, pre-clinical and health or arts and humanities) foster economic performance; (3) the global impact of research output is particularly high in the fields of engineering and technology, social sciences, and physics; and (4) the impact of research output on economic growth occurs mainly through structural change processes involving the reallocation of resources towards the industrial sector.

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract
e13070 Background: Bone is one of the main sites of breast cancer metastasis. Staging of this kind of disease spread can be performed in locally advanced cases with PET-CT in conjunction with Bone Scintigraphy. The purpose of this work is to compare the efficiency of bone metastasis detection between PET-CT and bone scintigraphy. Methods: Prospective analysis of locally advanced breast cancer patients treated in a Comprehensive Cancer Center between 2014 and 2019 that performed PET-CT and Bone Scintigraphy in the staging. Interval between the two exams could not exceed 2 months. Clinical and pathological characteristics of the disease were collected from electronic files and independently clinical images reports were considered to evaluate the ability of each imaging modalities to identify bone disease. In discrepancy cases a re-analysis of the images by two independent nuclear physicians was performed to validate the findings. Results: We analyzed 204 cases. The majority of them had ductal carcinomas (72.5%), cT2/3 (70%), cN1/2(61.8%) and G2/3 (94.6%), luminal B- like, HER2 positive disease (49.2%). In this cohort, bone metastasis was documented in 52 (25.5%) patients. PET-CT presented 97.0% of accuracy, surpassing the 94.1% presented by Bone Scintigraphy. The latter failed to correctly detect bone metastasis in 11 (5.4%) patients and only outperformed PET-CT in 3 (1.5%) patients. The main difference between the two modalities was the non-detection of cranium lesions in PET-CT images. Conclusions: PET-CT showed higher efficiency in bone metastasis detection than Bone Scintigraphy, probably because it detects lytic lesions. The non-detection of cranium ones can be harmful and so modifications in the image acquisition are required to improve the quality of PET-CT, avoiding other exams in bone staging.

Abstract
This study offers an overview of the H2020 InterConnect project, which targets the relation between smart homes and distribution grids. The project vision is to produce a digital marketplace, using an interoperable marketplace toolbox and Smart appliances REference Ontology (SAREF) compliant Internet of Things (IoT) reference architecture as the main backbone, through which all SAREF-ized services, compliant devices, platform enablers and applications can be downloaded onto IoT and smart grid digital platforms. Energy users in buildings, either residential or non-residential, manufacturers, distribution grid operators and the energy retailers will work together towards the demonstration of the smart energy management solutions in seven connected large-scale test-sites in Portugal, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Greece and France. This study depicts how InterConnect project will enhance the relation and the interconnectivity between smart buildings and grids safeguarding the definition of the role of each stakeholder in energy and non-energy services.

Abstract
Currently, climate change poses a global threat, which may compromise the sustainability of agriculture, forestry and other land surface systems. In a changing world scenario, the economic importance of Remote Sensing (RS) to monitor forests and agricultural resources is imperative to the development of agroforestry systems. Traditional RS technologies encompass satellite and manned aircraft platforms. These platforms are continuously improving in terms of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions. The high spatial and temporal resolutions, flexibility and lower operational costs make Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) a good alternative to traditional RS platforms. In the management process of forests resources, UAVs are one of the most suitable options to consider, mainly due to: (1) low operational costs and high-intensity data collection; (2) its capacity to host a wide range of sensors that could be adapted to be task-oriented; (3) its ability to plan data acquisition campaigns, avoiding inadequate weather conditions and providing data availability on-demand; and (4) the possibility to be used in real-time operations. This review aims to present the most significant UAV applications in forestry, identifying the appropriate sensors to be used in each situation as well as the data processing techniques commonly implemented.