Abstract
Genealogy studies are growing in popularity, and researchers are increasingly using visualization methods to summarize and communicate their findings. A family tree is a visual representation of family members and their relationships that is commonly used to support the research of a family's history and publish the results. In some cases, an ancestor may occur in more than one place in the lineage of an individual, which is one of the reasons for the occurrence of consanguineous marriages, that is, marriages between blood relative spouses. Current methods for family tree visualization were not designed to analyze and assess the level of consanguinity in the ancestry of individuals. This paper proposes VisAC, an interactive tool to support the visual analysis of consanguinity in individuals' ancestry. The inbreeding coefficient is used as a measure of consanguinity. The coefficient corresponds to an estimate of the probability that two alleles (a variant of a given gene) in the DNA were inherited from the same individual. A visualization design and an interactive tool were developed with genealogists' support. In addition, the feedback collected through a questionnaire about two demo videos and tests with three target users strongly supports the effectiveness of the family tree visual representation and the adequacy of the interactive tool for the exploratory analysis task. Real-world examples are given to illustrate the usefulness of the visualization design, and an example of exploratory analysis is presented to illustrate the use of the interactive tool. In summary, this work formulates the task of visual analysis of consanguinity in ancestors' trees and proposes VisAC, a new visualization tool to support the task.

Abstract
Communication is crucial. Several authors emphasize the role of the project managers' communication with teams, and the importance of the project management teams' on the success of projects. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of the communication styles of the project managers' on the teams' motivation and consequently on the success of projects. Therefore, the literature was reviewed and exploratory research was developed using a qualitative methodology (content analysis of eight semi-structured interviews). A conceptual framework was developed. The results suggest that communication style and leadership are related and impact teams' motivation and consequently on projects' success.

Abstract

Abstract
Context. The low wind effect (LWE) occurs at the aperture of 8-meter class telescopes when the spiders holding the secondary mirror get significantly cooler than the air. The effect creates phase discontinuities in the incoming wavefront at the location of the spiders. Under the LWE, the wavefront residuals after correction of the adaptive optics (AO) are dominated by low-order aberrations, pistons, and tip-tilts, contained in the pupil quadrants separated by the spiders. Those aberrations, called petal modes, degrade the AO performances during the best atmospheric turbulence conditions. Ultimately, the LWE is an obstacle for high-contrast exoplanet observations at a small angular separation from the host star. Aims. We aim to understand why extreme AO with a Shack-Hartmann (SH) wavefront sensor fails to correct for the petal tip and tilt modes, while these modes imprint a measurable signal in the SH slopes. We explore if the petal tip and tilt content of the LWE can be controlled and mitigated without an additional wavefront sensor. Methods. We simulated the sensitivity of a single subaperture of a SH wavefront sensor in the presence of a phase discontinuity across this subaperture. We explored the effect of the most important parameters: the amplitude of the discontinuity, the spider thickness, and the field of view. We then performed end-to-end simulations to reproduce and explain the behavior of extreme AO systems based on a SH in the presence of the LWE. We then evaluated the efficiency of a new mitigation strategy by running simulations, including atmosphere and realistic LWE phase perturbations. Results. For realistic parameters (i.e. a spider thickness at 25% of a SH subaperture, and a field of view of 3.5 lambda/d), we find that the sensitivity of the SH to a phase discontinuity is dramatically reduced, or even reversed. Under the LWE, a nonzero curl path is created in the measured slopes, which transforms into vortex-structures in the residuals when the loop is closed. While these vortexes are easily seen in the residual wavefront and slopes, they cannot be controlled by the system. We used this understanding to propose a strategy for controlling the petal tip and tilt modes of the LWE by using the measurements from the SH, but excluding the faulty subapertures. Conclusions. The proposed mitigation strategy may be of use in all extreme AO systems based on SH for which the LWE is an issue, such as SPHERE and GRAVITY+.

Abstract
Although electricity is a clean and relatively safe form of energy when it is used, the generation and transmission of electricity have severe effects on the environment. An alternative to diminish the polluting emissions released by the generating units is the Emission Constrained Economic Dispatch (ECED). This is an optimization problem where the total fuel cost is minimized while treating emissions as a constraint with a pre-specified limit. Usually, the fuel cost and emission functions of the generating units must be experimentally derived, introducing then uncertainties in the obtained models. However, these uncertainties are often neglected and the ECED problem is solved considering the coefficients of the functions involved as exact (totally known) values. In this investigation we analyzed the effect of the uncertainties associated to the experimental derivation of the input–output curves of thermal power plants. Particularly, when polynomial models are fitted through multiple linear regression, we proposed an approach that, based on the respectively prediction intervals, can provide solutions immunized, in some sense, against variability in the coefficients estimates. We tested the proposed approach in a real system from the Chilean electrical power network. For the analyzed system we noted that, when uncertainties are not considered, the deterministic optimal solutions can be environmentally infeasible in some scenarios; whereas solutions obtained through the proposed approach, can significantly diminish the risk of environmental violations. The robustness of the prediction interval-based solutions was obtained with a negligible increase of the total fuel cost in all the cases studied.

Abstract