Abstract
In-situ calibration of marine sensors requires close-range positioning. In turn, localization relative to a given object of interest is necessary. This paper deals with the detection of a vertical cable hanging from a marine observatory implemented by means of a moored buoy. An algorithm composed of sequential image filtering, segmentation and template matching is proposed. Two approaches for generating the cable's acoustic image template are introduced. The performance of the approaches, obtained by comparison with ground-truth measurements, are illustrated over challenging cluttered acoustic images collected in a test tank. The results indicate a performance better than 74% of the best candidate to match the actual cable.

Abstract
Social media is one of the greatest achievements of technological evolution. Nowadays, we have the world in our hands, just a click away. But if, on one hand, the community saw social media as a progressive tool, strict governments saw them as a threat to their regime. China was one of the countries that imposed a highly repressive strategy which blocked foreign content, therefore, websites like Google, YouTube and Facebook are blocked, and Chinese netizens can only access government approved websites. Surrounded by this Firewall, the Chinese are kept complacent towards the government's decisions and are held back from speaking against it. From this situation, we began wondering the extent of our opinion permeability towards social networks in the West. We set a parallelism between two different situations but, in a way, complementary. Is our political opinion shaped by the content we see on social networks? Is there a strategy being applied to purposefully guide our opinion? This was the focal point of our survey which was applied to a Portuguese sample. A survey was created on Google Forms where both individuals' perspectives were assessed. The research sample was a convenience sample, which included 160 answers. Most participants (66%) said they considered that social networks serve as a mechanism for disseminating political ideologies. Moreover, 49.38% believe that social networks can have an impact on real-life decisions regarding the political sphere. Through a careful analysis of the data, we concluded that people seem to be aware of the magnitude that social media has had in politics lately, and they are, in general, responsible commentators who, most often, look for a second source of information. Notably, we have become somewhat intolerable to the opinions of others because we have closed ourselves in our own communities, in the content that our algorithm chooses for us and in a way, we are, as the Chinese, restricted to a digital bubble of information alongside with others who share the same political beliefs.

Abstract

Abstract
In the digital world, the demand for better interactions between subscribers and companies is growing, creating the need for personalized and individualized experiences. With the exponential growth of email usage over the years, broad flows of campaigns are sent and received by subscribers, which reveals itself to be a problem for both companies and subscribers. In this work, subscribers are segmented by their behaviors and profiles, such as (i) open rates, (ii) click-through rates, (iii) frequency, and (iv) period of interactions with the companies. Different regressions are used: (i) Random Forest Regressor, (ii) Multiple Linear Regression, (iii) K-Neighbors Regressor, and (iv) Support Vector Regressor. All these regressions' results were aggregated into a final prediction achieved by an ensemble approach, which uses averaging and stacking methods. The use of Long Short-Term Memory is also considered in the presented case. The stacking model obtained the best performance, with an R-2 score of 0.91 and a Mean Absolute Error of 0.204. This allows us to estimate the week's days with a half-day error difference. This work presents promising results for subscriber segmentation based on profile information for predicting the best period for email marketing. In the future, subscribers can be segmented using the Recency, Frequency and Monetary value, the Lifetime Value, or Stream Clustering approaches that allow more personalized and tailored experiences for subscribers. The latter tracks segments over time without costly recalculations and handles continuous streams of new observations without the necessity to recompile the entire model.

Abstract
Ethics promotes collective respect, well-being, and development. Its values drive individual, social, and environmental conduct and apply to all human activities. Professional ethics or deontology refers to the moral obligations binding professionals to society in the work sphere. These moral obligations are fundamental in professions that, like engineering, are behind technological innovation, given its current daily and worldwide impact. As such, it is essential to train engineers for holistic problem-solving, that is, driven by ethical, sustainability, technical, and economic constraints. This chapter analyses engineering ethics and how it is addressed within the European Project Semester, an undergraduate one-semester international exchange program, focusing on this aspect of engineering education. European Project Semester relies on multicultural teamwork, project-based learning, ethics, and sustainability-oriented design to motivate and prepare global engineers committed to protecting and improving life on the planet.

Abstract
Protection and control systems represent an essential part of distribution networks by ensuring the physical integrity of components and by improving system reliability. Protection devices isolate a portion of the network affected by a fault, while control devices reduce the number of de-energized loads by transferring loads to neighboring feeders. The integration of distributed generation has the potential to enhance the continuity of energy services through islanding operation during outage conditions. In this context, this study presents a multi-objective optimization approach for sizing and allocating protection and control devices in distribution networks with microgrids supplied by renewable energy sources. Reclosers, fuses, remote-controlled switches, and directional relays are considered in the formulation. Demand and generation uncertainties define the islanding operation and the load transfer possibilities. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm is applied in the solution of the allocation problem considering two conflicting objectives: cost of energy not supplied and equipment cost. The compromise programming is then performed to achieve the best solution from the Pareto front. The results show interesting setups for the protection system and viability of islanding operation.