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Abstract
Energy communities (ECs) are emerging as a promising step to mitigate energy poverty and climate changes, since their main objective is to obtain environmental, economic, and social benefits for the participants, namely in terms of increasing local production using primary renewable resources. In the European Union (EU), Directives D2018 and D944 established a common regime for the promotion of ECs. Given the relevance of the topic, comparing regulations in force in Brazil, Germany, Portugal, and Spain, can contribute to mitigate risks, as well as save time and energy resources. Among the assessed aspects, this work analyzes requirements to access to the activity and measurement issues, which are already well and clearly defined. As for business models and remuneration, focus is given to energy cooperatives and feed-in payments. In turn, the main barriers include financing, end of incentives, need to develop new business models, and issues related to peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions. © 2022 IEEE.

Abstract
Supplier selection has received substantial consideration in the literature since it is considered one of the key levers contributing to a firm's success. Selecting the right suppliers for different product items requires an appropriate problem framing and a suitable approach. Despite the vast literature on this topic, there is not a comprehensive framework underlying the supplier selection process that addresses those concerns. This paper formalizes a framework that provides guidance on how supplier selection should be formulated and approached for different types of items segmented in Kraljic's portfolio matrix and production policies. The framework derives from a thorough literature review, which explores the main dimensions in supplier selection, including sourcing strategy, decision scope and environment, selection criteria, and solution approaches. 326 papers, published from 2000 to 2021, were reviewed for said purpose. The results indicate that supplier selection regarding items with a high purchasing importance should lead to holistic selection criteria. In addition, items comprising a high complexity of supply and production activities should require integrated selection and different sources of uncertainty associated with decision scope and environment, respectively, to solve it, as well as hybrid approaches. There are still many research opportunities in the supplier selection area, particularly in the integrated selection problems and hybrid solution methods, as well as in the risk mitigation, sustainability goals, and new technology adoption.

Abstract
Relative humidity is an important parameter in controlled environments and is typically monitored using low-cost electrochemical sensors with low resolution and accuracy. This kind of sensors cannot not be implemented in harsh or explosive environments (as in pyrotechnic facilities) due to electrical discharges, or in marine structures where the oxidation of the sensing probe materials changes the sensing response). In these cases, fiber optic sensors can provide solutions due to their intrinsic properties, such as immunity to electromagnetic interference and resistance in harsh environments. This work presents preliminary results regarding the steps of the fabrication of Long-Period Fiber Gratings, the coating processes with a thin layer of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and its sensing performance to relative humidity, displaying a from 60 to 100%sensitivity of 0.6 nm/%RH in the range of 80 to 100%RH. © 2022, Universidade do Porto - Faculdade de Engenharia. All rights reserved.

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[No abstract available]