Abstract
Tabled evaluation is a recognized and powerful implementation technique that overcomes some limitations of traditional Prolog systems in dealing with recursion and redundant sub-computations. Tabling based systems use call similarity to determine if a tabled subgoal will produce their own answers or if it will consume from another subgoal. While call variance has been a very popular approach, call subsumption can yield superior time performance and space improvements as it allows greater reuse of answers. However, the call order of the subgoals can greatly affect the success and applicability of the call subsumption technique. In this work, we present an extension, named Retroactive Call Subsumption, that supports call subsumption by allowing full sharing of answers between subsumed/subsuming subgoals, independently on the order in which they are called. Our experiments using the YapTab tabling engine show considerable gains in evaluation time for some applications, at the expense of a very small overhead for the programs that cannot benefit from it.

Abstract
Today's economics and business students are expected to be our future business people and potentially the economic leaders and politicians of tomorrow. Thus, their beliefs and practices are liable to affect the definition of acceptable economics and business ethics. The empirical evaluation of the phenomenon of cheating in academia has almost exclusively focused on the US context, and non-US studies usually only cover a narrow range of countries. This paper presents a comprehensive, cross-country study on the magnitude and determinants of cheating among economics and business undergraduates, involving 7,213 students enrolled in 42 universities located in 21 countries from the American (4), European (14), Africa (2) and Oceania (1) Continents. We found that the average magnitude of copying among economics and business undergraduates is quite high (62%) but there was significant cross-country heterogeneity. The probability of cheating is significantly lower in students enrolled in schools located in the Scandinavian, and the US and British Isles blocks when compared with their Southern European counterparts; quite surprisingly this probability is also lower for the African block. On a distinctly different level, however, students enrolled in schools in Western and especially Eastern European countries reveal statistically significant higher propensities towards committing academic fraud.

Abstract
In this work, a fiber loop mirror for the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature is presented. The loop mirror contains a section of a small core microstructured fiber characterized for strain and temperature sensing. Due to the small core geometry and using a small section length, the structure presents high birefringence and also intermodal interference. The spectral response of this configuration shows the presence of three interferometers. One of them corresponds to the interference of light that propagates in the fast and slow axes (group birefringence) and the others are associated with the interference of light in the two lowest order spatial modes in each of the fiber eigenaxis. These interferometers present distinct sensitivities to strain and temperature for different wavelengths.

Abstract
Adaptive embedded systems can achieve enhanced flexibility by performing run-time reconfiguration of hardware. This paper describes a method to generate at run-time new partial FPGA configurations corresponding to arithmetic expressions. This is achieved by merging available partial bitstreams of arithmetic components to produce a new partial bitstream for a specific FPGA area. The connections among the components are mapped to the switch matrices of the reconfigurable fabric, and the corresponding information is added to the new partial configuration. The proposed method was implemented for a Virtex-II Pro FPGA with a 300 MHz PowerPC 405 CPU. It was used to create partial configurations in less than 69 s for sets of arithmetic circuits with up to 25 components and 208 connections.

Abstract
sThe interrogation of a Fabry-Perot cavity through a dual wavelength Raman fiber laser is reported. The proposed sensing system is based on the use of a dual wavelength Raman fiber laser to generate two quadrature phase-shifted signals that allow the recovery of the temperature change sensed by the Fabry-Perot interferometric cavity. The dual wavelength Raman fiber laser is based on fiber Bragg gratings combined with a distributed mirror. The Fabry-Perot cavity is fabricated by splicing a short length of a suspended-core microstructured fiber to a single mode fiber. The use of this sensing system allows a passive and accurate interrogation of the temperature, while taking advantage of the Rayleigh scattering growth as a distributed mirror in the laser.

Abstract
An aggregator agent for electric vehicles is a commercial middleman between a system operator and plug-in electrical vehicles (EV). For the system operator perspective, the aggregator is seen as a large source of generation or load, which could provide ancillary services such as spinning and regulating reserve. Generally these services will be provided in the day-ahead and intraday electricity markets. In addition, the aggregator also participates in the electricity market with supply and demand energy bids. In this paper, the integration of these concepts in an electricity market environment is discussed through proposing a framework for the information characterization (and availability) between aggregator, system operators and clients. A specific market (the Iberian Market - MIBEL) is discussed. In the sequence, the different degrees of availability of the relevant information are identified and characterized, including the variables that are necessary to forecast.