Abstract
In this study, the authors present an innovative gain clamping method to mitigate Erbium-doped fibre amplifiers transients under bursty or packetised traffic. This method is based on a lasing technique by means of a continuous wave feedback signal reflected on a fibre Bragg grating. The clamping was assessed using on a range of re-injected powers from -30 to -5 dBm and able to fully mitigate the packet transients. The performance of the system at 2.5 and 10.0 Gb/s was appraised for different inter-packets times being observed in all cases an improvement in the Q factor. Additionally, a study that includes a characterisation of the transients (gain excursion and decaying time) with the inter-packet parameters and a comparison with theory was also presented.

Abstract
Concept drift in data is usually considered only as abrupt or gradual thus referring to the speed of change. Such simple distinguishing by speed is sufficient for most of the problems, but there might be situations for which a finer representation would be of use. This paper studies further the phenomenon of concept drift and introduces a simple measure which is relevant to the speed and amount of change between different concepts.

Abstract
Recommendations and regulations are available in healthcare to protect sensitive medical information. These regulations tend to be generic and orient attitudes within the medical practice and are usually not straightforward to be translated into practice. The main objective of this paper is to present the implementation of the Break the Glass (BTG) concept in a real healthcare setting in order to enforce the legislation for genetic information and evaluate the process of translating legislation into the healthcare practice. The user logs were analysed to assess if the BTG system was working as expected, providing genetic information confidentiality, as well as if the legislation was being enforced in a controlled and responsible manner. Results show that the process to translate legislation into practice could be faster and more efficient. User logs show that in terms of confidentiality the BTG features prevent more non authorised people from accessing genetic reports. We expect the tendency to be that only users who really need to access the reports will go through with the process of BTG. Enhancements to the system include the implementation of the access control management infrastructure within a more robust access control platform to perform the authentication and authorization processes.

Abstract

Abstract
We present results on the characterization of the response of a dual resonance observed in the spectrum of a single long-period grating arc-induced in a B/Ge co-doped fiber to different physical parameters. The dual resonance is formed by two overlapping resonances corresponding to coupling of the core mode to symmetric and antisymmetric cladding modes. The behavior of the resonances is studied when the grating is subject to strain, bending, torsion, temperature, or external refractive-index changes. The strain, bending, and torsion sensitivities of the two resonances differ, whereas the temperature sensitivities are almost the same. The sensitivities to variation in external refractive index are the same for the two resonances when the long-period grating is straight and differ when the fiber with the grating is curved. (c) 2010 Optical Society of America

Abstract
This paper presents an optimization model to help a hydro generating company to schedule its hydroelectric units in the short-term under a competitive environment. The hydro generating company considered has the ultimate goal of maximizing profits, taking also into account some risk aversion criterion. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. An application to a real case study is presented. Conclusions are duly drawn.