Abstract
Number partitioning is a classical NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, whose solution is challenging for both exact and approximative methods. This work presents a new algorithm for number partitioning, based on ideas drawn from tree search, breadth first search, and beam search. A new set of benchmark instances for this problem is also proposed. The behavior of the new method on this and other testbeds is analyzed and compared to other well known heuristics and exact algorithms.

Abstract
A transient analysis for two full-power converter wind turbines equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator is studied in this article, taking into consideration, as a new contribution to earlier studies, a pitch control malfunction. The two full-power converters considered are, respectively, a two-level and a multi-level converter. Moreover, a novel control strategy based on fractional-order controllers for wind turbines is studied. Simulation results are presented; conclusions are in favor of the novel control strategy, improving the quality of the energy injected into the electric grid.

Abstract
In the context of telecommunications networks, the concept of self-organisation implies the introduction of functionalities that lead to the automation of network operational tasks and reduce the need for manual intervention, as well as the provision of DSA mechanisms and enhancement of radio resource management, improvement of QoS and QoE and reduction of OPEX. Based on the definitions of Self-Organising Networks (SONs) and self-x functionalities developed within the EU FP7 project E3, as well as on a methodology that systematically correlates technical functionalities, KPIs and business parameters, this paper intends to assess the impact of the introduction of self-x functionalities on the business of operators. In particular, it shows that self-configuration is relevant in the control of operators' assets as well as keeping a direct relationship with the customer, while self-managing has a high impact on the decentralisation of the architecture, on the simplification of OAM tasks and efficient monitoring of the system. In addition, self-optimisation contributes to an improved QoS and to the delivery of an optimised price/quality ratio in terms of service provision. Nevertheless, important trade-offs and challenges need to be overcome: barriers for commercial development due to lack of incentives for equipment vendors, standardisation activities towards multi-vendor SON solutions and the right balance between quality of service and customer intimacy. ©2010 IEEE.

Abstract

Abstract
The analysis of the quality of food oils is of paramount importance because the degradation of oils can lead to formation of harmful substances to the human organism With the increase of the degradation of oils an increase of its refractive index occurs The objective of this work is to develop and to characterize optical fiber refractometers sensitive to variations of refractive index of food oil samples The optical fiber refractometers thanks to the intrinsic characteristics make them suitable for monitoring the quality of frying oils They possess the advantages to require small volumes of sample for analysis do not contaminate the sample and supply the response in real time In this work a long period grating (LPG) as refractometer is used because of their sensitivity to refractive index of the external media degraded and not degraded frying oil samples The oil samples had been characterized by the analysis of total polar components The refractive index of oil is above 1 47 this region the LPG does not show enough sensitivity a nanolayer of an organic material was coated onto the fiber Using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique the response of LPG is modified according to the refractive index and thickness of the film (he deposition of the film modifies the rates effective modes of cladding thus improving the response of the changes in the refractive index of the external media higher than that the refractive index of the cladding (n = 1 457)

Abstract
Recently, the notion of a reinfection threshold in epidemiological models of only partial immunity has been debated in the literature. We present a rigorous analysis of a model of reinfection which shows a clear threshold behaviour at the parameter point where the reinfection threshold was originally described. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this threshold is the mean field version of a transition in corresponding spatial models of immunization. The reinfection threshold corresponds to the transition between annular growth of an epidemics spreading into a susceptible area leaving recovered behind and compact growth of a susceptible-infected-susceptible region growing into a susceptible area. This transition between annular growth and compact growth was described in the physics literature long before the reinfection threshold debate broke out in the theoretical biology literature.