Abstract
In the clinical practice the concerns about the administration of hypnotics and analgesics for minimally invasive diagnostics and therapeutic procedures have enormously increased in the past years. The automatic detection of changes in the signals used to evaluate the depth of anesthesia is hence of foremost importance in order to decide how to adapt the doses of hypnotics and analgesics that should be administered to patients. The aim of this work is to online detect drifts in the referred depth of anesthesia signals of patients undergoing general anesthesia. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated using BIS records previously collected from patients subject to abdominal surgery. The results show that the drifts detected by the proposed method are in accordance with the actions of the clinicians in terms of times where a change in the hypnotic or analgesic rates had occurred. This detection was performed under the presence of noise and sensor faults. The presented algorithm was also online validated. The results encourage the inclusion of the proposed algorithm in a decision support system based on depth of anesthesia signals.

Abstract
The overall procedure toward the implementation of a compact tunable athermal filter mounted on a piezoelectric actuator and based on a pi-shift chirped fiber Bragg grating is presented. This package ensures an active tunablility over 2 nm with a cross thermal induced Bragg wavelength shift below 100 pm over a temperature range from -20 degrees C to + 80 degrees C. The proposed filter makes use of the overall response of a p-shift chirped fiber Bragg grating and a bulk broadband microfilter that enables a sharp optical transmission spectrum response having a FWHM below 20 pm within a 2 nm region and 20 dB rejection band to be obtained. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3656751]

Abstract

Abstract
The feasibility of optical amplification solutions for extended reach next generation access networks in C + L bands is studied. Amplification schemes based on Raman fiber amplifier and their combination with remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifiers are assessed and optimized. The results concerning a ring with 80 km for rural scenario demonstrate gain equalization over a bandwidth of 50 urn. The survey was complemented with experimental results. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2414-2418, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26251

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the use of simulation as a decision support tool in maintenance systems, specifically in MFS (Maintenance Float Systems). For this purpose and due to its high complexity, in this paper the authors explore and present a possible way to construct a MFS model using Arena simulation language, where some of the most common performance measures are identified, calculated and analysed.

Abstract
This chapter revises some crucial aspects related to report writing and the preparation of oral presentations. These are some of the base competences that are required to succeed in MUTW-like courses.