Abstract
In communication systems, transient faults will eventually occur. Thus, some mechanism is necessary to handle them and achieve appropriate levels of reliability, particularly in safety-critical systems. One possibility is to rely on temporal redundancy, i.e., using message retransmissions. General requirements for such a mechanism would include a parsimonious use of extra bandwidth while guaranteeing the schedulability of the message set. In this paper we propose using on-line traffic scheduling together with scheduling servers to recover message errors in time-triggered systems on Controller Area Network (CAN), taking advantage of the Flexible Time-Triggered CAN protocol. This novel mechanism is shown to offer a desired error recovery latency using much less extra bandwidth than typical approaches used in time-triggered systems. In this paper we present this novel error recovery mechanism, including a thorough characterization as well as configuration guidelines, namely concerning how to choose the server parameters (type, period and capacity). The correctness of the proposed approach and its superior performance are validated with simulation using several communication benchmarks available in the literature.

Abstract

Abstract
English is by far the most used language on the web. In some domains, the existence of less content in the users' native language may not be problematic and even help to cope with the information overload. Yet, in domains such as health, where information quality is critical, a larger quantity of information may mean easier access to higher quality content. Query translation may be a good strategy to access content in other languages, but the presence of medical terms in health queries makes the translation process more difficult, even for users with very good language proficiencies. In this study, we evaluate how translating a health query affects users with different language proficiencies. We chose English as the non-native language because it is a widely spoken language and it is the most used language on the web. Our findings suggest that non-English-speaking users having at least elementary English proficiency can benefit from a system that suggests English alternatives for their queries, or automatically retrieves English content from a non-English query. This awareness of the user profile results in higher precision, more accurate medical knowledge, and better access to high-quality content. Moreover, the suggestions of English-translated queries may also trigger new health search strategies.

Abstract
The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2) has been a widely used instrument for the assessment of anxiety in sport but within limited cultural contexts. Conceptual issues as well as concerns about the psychometric properties of the measure have resulted in questions surrounding its use. The purposes of the present study were (a) to examine the factorial validity and reliability of the CSAI-2, including the intensity, direction, and frequency dimensions with a Brazilian sample; (b) to investigate the inter-scale correlations among the three measured dimensions and between the original and the reduced scales; and (c) to examine the properties of the CSAI-2 within a novel cultural context. A sample of 334 athletes (245 male, 89 female) completed the CSAI-2 questionnaire 1hr prior to competition. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted that contrasted the proposed model with competing models. These results provided support for a reduced measurement model (CSAI-2R; 16 items) that was comprised of three factors (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence). The pattern of inter-scale associations revealed correlated, but not identical, factors. Correlations between the original and the reduced scales were high. In conclusion, these results provide evidence that the CSAI-2R (16 items) has good psychometric properties for all response dimensions within a Brazilian cultural context and is a valid competitive state anxiety and self-confidence measure when used immediately prior to competition.

Abstract

Abstract