Abstract
This paper explores the content of various web based information systems which presents knowledge about energy technology, energy research, energy projects best practice, energy related statistics and energy patents. As the number and complexity of issues related with energy are very broad, it is essential the use of information systems. Evaluating sources of information is an important step in any research activity. This study also shows that system design depends must more from the original objective of websites creation and target groups of users. A positive finding from user expectations is information free access and in some cases only requiring free registration. This paper discusses a new approach must be studied to diminish content dispersion and significant differences between European energy related sites. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Abstract
A method to control the output intensity profile of optical fibers is presented. Using guided wave photo-polymerization in multimode structures the fabrication with modal assisted shaping of polymeric micro lenses is demonstrated. Results showing that a given linear polarized mode can be selectively excited controlling the intensity distribution at the fiber tip are presented. This pattern is then reproduced in the polymeric micro structure fabricated at the fiber tip thus modulating its output intensity distribution. Such structures can therefore be used to obtain at the fiber tip predetermined intensity patterns for attaining optical trapping or patterned illumination.

Abstract
This article studies the optimal solution of an irrigation problem. It consists in optimizing the planning of water used so by the water amount in the soil (trajectory) fulfils the cultivation water requirements. We characterize the optimal solution by applying the necessary conditions of optimality in the form of the Maximum Principle. We also compare the results obtained analytically and numerically. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of ISEL Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Lisbon, PORTUGAL.

Abstract
Traffic prediction is a fundamental tool that captures the inherent behavior of a network and can be used for monitoring and managing network traffic. Online traffic prediction is usually performed based on large historical data used in training algorithms. This may not be suitable to highly volatile environments, such as cloud computing, where the coupling between observations decreases quickly with time. We propose a dynamic window size approach for traffic prediction that can be incorporated with different traffic predictions mechanisms, making them suitable to online traffic prediction by adapting the amount of traffic that must be analyzed in accordance to the variability of data traffic. The evaluation of the proposed solution is performed for several prediction mechanisms by assessing the Normalized Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Percent Error of predicted values over observed values from a real cloud computing data set, collected by monitoring the utilization of Dropbox.

Abstract
This paper presents a novel hybrid method for solving the security constrained unit commitment (SCUC) problem. The proposed formulation requires much less computation time in comparison with other methods while assuring the accuracy of the results. Furthermore, the framework provided here allows including an accurate description of warmth-dependent startup costs, valve point effects, multiple fuel costs, forbidden zones of operation, and AC load flow bounds. To solve the nonconvex problem, an adapted binary programming method and enhanced dual neural network model are utilized as optimization tools, and a procedure for AC power flow modeling is developed for including contingency/security issues, as new contributions to earlier studies. Unlike classical SCUC methods, the proposed method allows to simultaneously solve the unit commitment problem and comply with the network limits. In addition to conventional test systems, a real-world large-scale power system with 493 units has been used to fully validate the effectiveness of the novel hybrid method proposed.

Abstract