Abstract
Tabling is a commonly used technique in logic programming for avoiding cyclic behavior of logic programs and enabling more declarative program definitions. Furthermore, tabling often improves computational performance. Rational term are terms with one or more infinite sub-terms but with a finite representation. Rational terms can be generated in Prolog by omitting the occurs check when unifying two terms. Applications of rational terms include definite clause grammars, constraint handling systems, and coinduction. In this paper, we report our extension of YAP's Prolog tabling mechanism to support rational terms. We describe the internal representation of rational terms within the table space and prove its correctness. We then use this extension to implement a tabling based approach to coinduction. We compare our approach with current coinductive transformations and describe the implementation. In addition, we present an algorithm that ensures a canonical representation for rational terms.

Abstract
Crop rotation is a practice harmonized with the sustainable rice production. Nevertheless, the implications of this empirical practice are not well characterized, mainly in relation to the bacterial community composition and structure. In this study, the bacterial communities of two adjacent paddy fields in the 3rd and 4th year of the crop rotation cycle and of a nonseeded subplot were characterized before rice seeding and after harvesting, using 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Although the phyla Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes predominated in all the samples, there were variations in relative abundance of these groups. Samples from the 3rd and 4th years of the crop rotation differed on the higher abundance of groups of presumable aerobic bacteria and of presumable anaerobic and acidobacterial groups, respectively. Members of the phylum Nitrospira were more abundant after rice harvest than in the previously sampled period. Rice cropping was positively correlated with the abundance of members of the orders Acidobacteriales and Solibacterales' and negatively with lineages such as Chloroflexi Ellin6529'. Studies like this contribute to understand variations occurring in the microbial communities in soils under sustainable rice production, based on real-world data.

Abstract
A great deal of effort in model-based testing is related to the creation of the model. In addition, the model itself, while a powerful tool of abstraction, can have conceptual errors, introduced by the tester. These problems can be reduced by generating those models automatically. This paper presents a dynamic reverse engineering approach that aims to extract part of the model of an existing web application through the identification of User Interface (UI) patterns. This reverse engineering approach explores automatically any web application, records information related to the interaction, analyses the gathered information, tokenizes it, and infers the existing UI patterns via syntactical analysing. After being complemented with additional information and validated, the model extracted is the input for the Pattern-Based Graphical User Interface Testing (PBGT) approach for testing existing web application under analysis.

Abstract

Abstract
In this article we discuss three different notions of linearity: syntactical, operational and denotational. We briefly define each notion of linearity, pointing out some of the main results in the area, and describe applications of linear languages and type systems.

Abstract
During the last years research and development on legged robots has grown steadily. Leggedsystems present major advantages when compared with “traditional” vehicles, allowinglocomotion in terrain inaccessible to vehicles with wheels and tracks. However, its energy consumption still lag being these vehicles, existing several aspects that need to be improvedand optimized.One of them regards the parameters values that these machines should adopt to minimize the energy consumption. Due to the large number of parameters involved in this optimization process one way to achieve meaningful results is using evolutionary strategies. Genetic Algorithms are away to “imitate nature”replicating the process that nature designed forthe generation and evolutionof species. The objective of this paper is to present a genetic algorithm, running over a simulationapplication oflegged robots, which allows the optimization of several parameters of a quadrupedrobot model, for distinct locomotion gaits. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014.