Abstract
Data centres are large energy consumers. A large portion of this power consumption is due to the control of physical parameters of the data centre (such as temperature and humidity). However, these physical parameters are tightly coupled with computations, and even more so in upcoming data centres, where the location of workloads can vary substantially due, for example, to workloads being moved in the cloud infrastructure hosted in the data centre. Therefore, managing the physical and compute infrastructure of a large data centre is an embodiment of a cyber-physical system (CPS). In this paper, we describe a data collection and distribution architecture that enables gathering physical parameters of a large data centre at a very high temporal and spatial resolution of the sensor measurements. We detail this architecture and define the structure of the underlying messaging system that is used to collect and distribute the data.

Abstract
The rigorous analysis of socio-technical systems is challenging, because people are inherent parts of the system, together with devices and artefacts. In this paper, we report on the use of PVS as a way of analysing such systems in terms of distributed cognition. Distributed cognition is a conceptual framework that allows us to derive insights about plausible user trajectories in socio-technical systems by exploring what information in the environment provides resources for user action, but its application has traditionally required substantial craft skill. DiCoT adds structure and method to the analysis of socio-technical systems from a distributed cognition perspective. In this work, we demonstrate how PVS can be used with DiCoT to conduct a systematic analysis. We illustrate how a relatively simple use of PVS can help a field researcher to (i) externalise assumptions and facts, (ii) verify the consistency of the logical argument framed in the descriptions, (iii) help uncover latent situations that may warrant further investigation, and (iv) verify conjectures about potential hazards linked to the observed use of information resources. Evidence is also provided that formal methods and empirical studies are not alternative approaches for studying a socio-technical system, but that they can complement and refine each other. The combined use of PVS and DiCoT is illustrated through a case study concerning a real-world emergency medical dispatch system. © 2013, Springer-Verlag London.

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This paper aims to describe and discuss a proposal to incorporate digital auscultation and its processing into an existing EHR. The architecture was planned to be used in both primary and hospital care, and includes a digital stethoscope; an exam collection module; an integration module; an EHR web service; and an EHR. Special attention was given to standardize communications using HL7 and openEHR. The proposed implementation uses a commercial stethoscope, an android app to collect the data, a mirth integration engine that communicates using HL7 or openEHR through REST or SOAP calls. The signal processing of the sounds is also included. The auscultation sound files are made available to the EHR users. This solution will open the possibility to have richer patient records than can be very important for patient care, research and medical teaching. It also raises issues regarding ethical and legal concerns that must be considered in future research.

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