Abstract

Abstract
The sizing and siting of renewable resources-based distributed generation (DG) units has been a topic of growing interest, especially during the last decade due to the increasing interest in renewable energy systems and the possible impacts of their volatility on distribution system operation. This paper goes beyond the existing literature by presenting a comprehensive optimization model for the sizing and siting of different renewable resources-based DG units, electric vehicle charging stations, and energy storage systems within the distribution system. The proposed optimization model is formulated as a second order conic programming problem, considering also the time-varying nature of DG generation and load consumption, in contrast with the majority of the relevant studies that have been based on static values.

Abstract
Using 2D images in authentication systems raises the question of spoof attacks: is it possible to deceive an authentication system using fake models possessing identical visual properties of the genuine one? In this work, an anti-spoofing method approach for a wine anti-counterfeiting system is presented. The proposed method relies in two different color spaces: CIE L*u*v* and, to distinguish between a genuine instance and a spoof attack. To evaluate the proposed strategy, two databases were used: a private database, with photos/2D attacks of cork stoppers, created for this work; and the public Replay-Attack database that is used for face spoofing detection methods testing. The results on the private database show that the anti-spoofing approach is able to distinguish with high accuracy a real photo from an attack. Regarding the public database, the results were obtained with existing methods, as the best HTER results using a single frame approach.

Abstract

Abstract
Further integration of distributed renewable energy sources in distribution systems requires a paradigm change in grid management by the distribution system operators (DSOs). DSOs are currently moving to an operational planning approach based on activating flexibility from distributed energy resources in day/hour-ahead stages. This paper follows the DSO trends by proposing a methodology for active grid management by which robust optimization is applied to accommodate spatial-temporal uncertainty. The proposed method entails the use of a multi-period AC-OPF, ensuring a reliable solution for the DSO. Wind and PV uncertainty is modeled based on spatial-temporal trajectories, while a convex hull technique to define uncertainty sets for the model is used. A case study based on real generation data allows illustration and discussion of the properties of the model. An important conclusion is that the method allows the DSO to increase system reliability in the real-time operation. However, the computational effort grows with increases in system robustness.

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to compare collaborative new product development (CNPD) established by industrial companies with their suppliers and customers, according to their size and the type of innovation generated. To do so, eight in-depth case studies were analyzed, based on semi-structured interviews. The findings show that CNPD with suppliers in more active than with clients. The results also show that firm size is important in CNPD activities namely when product differentiation and large scale production activities are at stake. From another perspective, the results show that the development of processes and management methodologies in upstream activities are not extensively used. The chapter contributes to knowledge about CNPD by comparing how upstream and downstream are affected based on firm size and the type of innovation generated. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.