Abstract
This study is about technology and sport. Namely, the study is about the influence of technology in golf. In order to ascertain the impact of technology in golf interviews were performed with two groups of players – professional women golfers and senior professional male golfers (over 50 years of age and playing the senior circuit). The interviews (to a total of 44) were performed at two main international competitions, both in the UK and in the summer of 2019. The same questions were posed to both groups and the ladies (mostly millennials) showed themselves to be more open to new technologies to be used in training. The technology referred to is called TrackMan. TrackMan-type technology appeared first in the military industry, to track bullets and missiles, and has since been transferred to sport – including to golf, baseball and football. This technology may track the path of both the ball and the club before, during and after impact. The study shows that older generations may be more alienated from more recent technologies – not only in society in general but also in sport.

Abstract
Manufacturing environments commonly present uncertainties and unexpected schedule disruptions. The literature has shown that in these environments simple and fast dynamic dispatching rules are efficient sequencing methods. However, most of the works in the automated designing of these rules have considered deterministic processing times. This work aims to design dispatching rules for problem settings similar to the ones found in real environments such as uncertain processing times and sequence-dependent setup times. We use Genetic Programming to generate efficient rules for stochastic job shops with setup times. We show that the generated rules outperform benchmark dispatching rules, specially in settings with high setup time levels. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract

Abstract
Current European Union legislation demands that websites that use web cookies to extract information about the personal preferences of Internet users request their permission to obtain such data. Widespread misinformation about web cookies threatens users’ feelings of security while leading also to a lack of privacy problems due to the need to accept cookies. However, not accepting cookies raises functionality issues on websites, and the value created by companies is not optimized. This article reviewed the existing literature and conducted a survey (with 102 valid responses) to understand Internet users’ behaviour in terms of fear of accepting cookies and the benefit generated by cookies to users. We conclude that the trade-off between security and performance of websites portrayed in the literature is illusory and is mainly due to the lack of information about cookies by users. We also conclude that there is a paradox: although most users feel insecure, they eventually accept cookies to simplify their online browsing. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

Abstract
Atlantic cod is processed industrially for food purposes, with several by-products being directed to animal feed and other ends. Looking particularly into swim bladders, the extraction of collagen can be a valuable strategy for by-product valorization, explored in the present work for the first time. Collagen was extracted using acetic acid (ASCsb) and pepsin (PSCsb) with yields of 5.72% (w/w) and 11.14% (w/w), respectively. SDS-PAGE profile showed that the extracts were compatible with type I collagen. FTIR, CD and XRD results suggest that the PSCsb structure underwent partial denaturation, with microDSC showing a band at 54 degrees C probably corresponding to a melting process, while ASCsb structure remained intact, with preserved triple helix and a denaturation temperature of 29.6 degrees C. Amino acid composition indicates that the total content of proline-like amino acids was 148/1000 residues for ASCsb and 141/1000 residues for PSCsb, with a hydroxylation degree of about 37%. The extracts exhibited a typical shear thinning behavior, interesting property regarding their further processing toward the development of biomaterials. In this regard, assessment of metabolic activity of human fibroblast cells cultured in the presence of collagen extracts with concentrations up to 3 mg/mL revealed the absence of cytotoxic behavior. Collagen extracts obtained from Atlantic cod swim bladders shown attractive properties regarding their use in cosmetic or biomedical applications.

Abstract
This paper presents a Dual-RAMP algorithm for the solution of the multiple allocation hub location problem (UMAHLP). This approach combines information of a lagrangean relaxation procedure with subgradient optimization on the dual side with primal-feasible solutions on primal side, that are obtained by a simple improvement method. The overall performance of the proposed algorithm was tested on standard Australian Post (AP) and Civil Aeronautics Boarding (CAB) instances, comprising 192 test instances. The effectiveness of our approach has been proven by comparing our results with other state-of-the-art algorithms. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.