Abstract
In this work we seek clusters of genomic words in human DNA by studying their inter-word lag distributions. Due to the particularly spiked nature of these histograms, a clustering procedure is proposed that first decomposes each distribution into a baseline and a peak distribution. An outlier-robust fitting method is used to estimate the baseline distribution (the 'trend'), and a sparse vector of detrended data captures the peak structure. A simulation study demonstrates the effectiveness of the clustering procedure in grouping distributions with similar peak behavior and/or baseline features. The procedure is applied to investigate similarities between the distribution patterns of genomic words of lengths 3 and 5 in the human genome. These experiments demonstrate the potential of the new method for identifying words with similar distance patterns.

Abstract
This paper provides a six-level integrated optimization framework for a distribution system that transacts energy with upward electricity market and downward active microgrids in day-ahead and real-time horizons. The proposed method uses a risk-averse formulation and the distribution system utilizes multiple combined heating and power units, distributed generation, plug-in electric vehicles parking lots, and electric and thermal storage units. Demand response program alternatives are also utilized by the distribution system. A three-stage uncertainty modeling is proposed to model six sources of uncertainties that are consist of energy resource power generations, loads and prices, active microgrids contributions and contingencies. Two case studies evaluate the proposed algorithm for the 123-bus test system that multiple 33-bus microgrid systems are transacting energy and ancillary services with the main grid. Further, different sensitivity analyses are performed to evaluate the effect of energy and ancillary services prices on the simulation results.

Abstract
One of the most important aspects of the development of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is the optimal sizing and allocation of charging stations. Due to the interactions between the electricity and transportation systems, the key features of these systems (such as traffic network characteristics, charging demands and power system constraints) should be taken into account for the optimal planning. This paper addressed the optimal sizing and allocation of the fast-charging stations in a distribution network. The traffic flow of EVs is modeled using the User Equilibrium-based Traffic Assignment Model (UETAM). Moreover, a stochastic framework is developed based on the Queuing Theory (QT) to model the load levels (EVs' charging demand). The objective function of the problem is to minimize the annual investment cost, as well as the energy losses that are optimized through chance-constrained programming. The probabilistic aspects of the proposed problem are modeled by using the point estimation method and Gram-Charlier expansion. Furthermore, the probabilistic dominance criteria are employed in order to compare the uncertain alternatives. Finally, the simulation results are provided for both the distribution and traffic systems to illustrate the performance of the proposed problem.

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract
Based on the characteristics of ferrofluids, a monolithic optofluidic device for magnetic field sensing is proposed and demonstrated. The device consists of a Fabry-Perot interferometer, composed by an optical waveguide orthogonal to a microfluidic channel, which was fabricated inside a fused silica substrate through femtosecond laser micromachining. The interferometer was first optimized by studying the influence of the waveguide writing parameters on its spectral properties. Waveguides written at higher pulse energies led to a decrease of the signal-to-noise ratio, due to an enhancement of micrometer sized defects associated with Mie scattering. Fringe visibility was also maximized for waveguides written at lower scanning speeds. Making use of the tunable refractive index property exhibited by magnetic fluids, the interferometer was then tested as a magnetic field sensor by injecting a ferrofluid inside the microfluidic channel. A linear sensitivity of -0.25 nm/mT was obtained in the 9.0-30.5 mT range with the external field parallel to the waveguide axis.