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About

About

Filipe Neves dos Santos was born in São Paio de Oleiros, Portugal, in 1979. He olds a Licenciatura (5-year degree) in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2003 from Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), a M.Sc. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, in 2007, and received the PhD degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Portugal, in 2014. His professional passion is to develop autonomous robots and machinery to solve real problems, desires and needs of our society and to contribute for self-sustainability and fairness of the global economy. Actually, He is focused in developing and researching robotic solutions for agriculture and forestry sector, where is required a higher efficiency for our world self-sustainability. Considering his closer regional reality, he have setup the goal to promote agricultural robotic based projects and develop robots that can operate fully autonomously and safely in steep-slope scenarios, which is a common reality of North of Portugal and in other large number of world regions. As so, he is interested in explore and develop robots for specific agricultural and forestall tasks such as: monitoring (by ground), spraying, logistics, pruning, and selective harvesting. The successfully execution of these task is largely dependent on the robustness of specific robotic systems, such as: - Visual Perception; - Navigation (localization, mapping and path planning); and - Manipulation and end tools. For that reason Visual Perception and Navigation are his main research fields inside of robotics research. His formation in Electronics and Computer Engineer (Bachelor (old-one of 5 years) MSc (sensor fusion), PhD (semantic mapping) ), experience of 4 years as entrepreneur (technological startup), 8 year as robotics researcher, 5 years as manager (in supporting tasks in a family enterprise), and 6 year as electronics technician will help him to successfully contribute for the agricultural and forestall robotics future.

Interest
Topics
Details

Details

  • Name

    Filipe Neves Santos
  • Role

    TEC4 Coordinator
  • Since

    20th September 2011
047
Publications

2024

Robotic Arm Development for a Quadruped Robot

Authors
Lopes, MS; Moreira, AP; Silva, MF; Santos, F;

Publication
SYNERGETIC COOPERATION BETWEEN ROBOTS AND HUMANS, VOL 2, CLAWAR 2023

Abstract
Quadruped robots have gained significant attention in the robotics world due to their capability to traverse unstructured terrains, making them advantageous in search and rescue and surveillance operations. However, their utility is substantially restricted in situations where object manipulation is necessary. A potential solution is to integrate a robotic arm, although this can be challenging since the arm's addition may unbalance the whole system, affecting the quadruped locomotion. To address this issue, the robotic arm must be adapted to the quadruped robot, which is not viable with commercially available products. This paper details the design and development of a robotic arm that has been specifically built to integrate with a quadruped robot to use in a variety of agricultural and industrial applications. The design of the arm, including its physical model and kinematic configuration, is presented. To assess the effectiveness of the prototype, a simulation was conducted with a motion-planning algorithm based on the arm's inverse kinematics. The simulation results confirm the system's stability and the functionality of the robotic arm's movement.

2024

Fusion of Time-of-Flight Based Sensors with Monocular Cameras for a Robotic Person Follower

Authors
Sarmento, J; dos Santos, FN; Aguiar, AS; Filipe, V; Valente, A;

Publication
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS

Abstract
Human-robot collaboration (HRC) is becoming increasingly important in advanced production systems, such as those used in industries and agriculture. This type of collaboration can contribute to productivity increase by reducing physical strain on humans, which can lead to reduced injuries and improved morale. One crucial aspect of HRC is the ability of the robot to follow a specific human operator safely. To address this challenge, a novel methodology is proposed that employs monocular vision and ultra-wideband (UWB) transceivers to determine the relative position of a human target with respect to the robot. UWB transceivers are capable of tracking humans with UWB transceivers but exhibit a significant angular error. To reduce this error, monocular cameras with Deep Learning object detection are used to detect humans. The reduction in angular error is achieved through sensor fusion, combining the outputs of both sensors using a histogram-based filter. This filter projects and intersects the measurements from both sources onto a 2D grid. By combining UWB and monocular vision, a remarkable 66.67% reduction in angular error compared to UWB localization alone is achieved. This approach demonstrates an average processing time of 0.0183s and an average localization error of 0.14 meters when tracking a person walking at an average speed of 0.21 m/s. This novel algorithm holds promise for enabling efficient and safe human-robot collaboration, providing a valuable contribution to the field of robotics.

2024

Reagentless Vis-NIR Spectroscopy Point-of-Care for Feline Total White Blood Cell Counts

Authors
Barroso, TG; Queirós, C; Monteiro Silva, F; Santos, F; Gregório, AH; Martins, RC;

Publication
BIOSENSORS-BASEL

Abstract
Spectral point-of-care technology is reagentless with minimal sampling (<10 mu L) and can be performed in real-time. White blood cells are non-dominant in blood and in spectral information, suffering significant interferences from dominant constituents such as red blood cells, hemoglobin and billirubin. White blood cells of a bigger size can account for 0.5% to 22.5% of blood spectra information. Knowledge expansion was performed using data augmentation through the hybridization of 94 real-world blood samples into 300 synthetic data samples. Synthetic data samples are representative of real-world data, expanding the detailed spectral information through sample hybridization, allowing us to unscramble the spectral white blood cell information from spectra, with correlations of 0.7975 to 0.8397 and a mean absolute error of 32.25% to 34.13%; furthermore, we achieved a diagnostic efficiency between 83% and 100% inside the reference interval (5.5 to 19.5 x 10(9) cell/L), and 85.11% for cases with extreme high white blood cell counts. At the covariance mode level, white blood cells are quantified using orthogonal information on red blood cells, maximizing sensitivity and specificity towards white blood cells, and avoiding the use of non-specific natural correlations present in the dataset; thus, the specifity of white blood cells spectral information is increased. The presented research is a step towards high-specificity, reagentless, miniaturized spectral point-of-care hematology technology for Veterinary Medicine.

2024

Bi-directional hyperspectral reconstruction of cherry tomato: diagnosis of internal tissues maturation stage and composition

Authors
Tosin, R; Cunha, M; Monteiro Silva, F; Santos, F; Barroso, T; Martins, R;

Publication
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE

Abstract
Introduction: Precision monitoring maturity in climacteric fruits like tomato is crucial for minimising losses within the food supply chain and enhancing pre- and post-harvest production and utilisation. Objectives: This paper introduces an approach to analyse the precision maturation of tomato using hyperspectral tomography-like. Methods: A novel bi-directional spectral reconstruction method is presented, leveraging visible to near-infrared (Vis-NIR) information gathered from tomato spectra and their internal tissues (skin, pulp, and seeds). The study, encompassing 118 tomatoes at various maturation stages, employs a multi-block hierarchical principal component analysis combined with partial least squares for bi-directional reconstruction. The approach involves predicting internal tissue spectra by decomposing the overall tomato spectral information, creating a superset with eight latent variables for each tissue. The reverse process also utilises eight latent variables for reconstructing skin, pulp, and seed spectral data. Results: The reconstruction of the tomato spectra presents a mean absolute percentage error of 30.44 % and 5.37 %, 5.25 % and 6.42 % and Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.85, 0.98, 0.99 and 0.99 for the skin, pulp and seed, respectively. Quality parameters, including soluble solid content (%), chlorophyll (a.u.), lycopene (a.u.), and puncture force (N), were assessed and modelled with PLS with the original and reconstructed datasets, presenting a range of R2 higher than 0.84 in the reconstructed dataset. An empirical demonstration of the tomato maturation in the internal tissues revealed the dynamic of the chlorophyll and lycopene in the different tissues during the maturation process. Conclusion: The proposed approach for inner tomato tissue spectral inference is highly reliable, provides early indications and is easy to operate. This study highlights the potential of Vis-NIR devices in precision fruit maturation assessment, surpassing conventional labour-intensive techniques in cost-effectiveness and efficiency. The implications of this advancement extend to various agronomic and food chain applications, promising substantial improvements in monitoring and enhancing fruit quality. [GRAPHICS] .

2024

Plant Disease Diagnosis Based on Hyperspectral Sensing: Comparative Analysis of Parametric Spectral Vegetation Indices and Nonparametric Gaussian Process Classification Approaches

Authors
Pereira, MR; Verrelst, J; Tosin, R; Caicedo, JPR; Tavares, F; dos Santos, FN; Cunha, M;

Publication
AGRONOMY-BASEL

Abstract
Early and accurate disease diagnosis is pivotal for effective phytosanitary management strategies in agriculture. Hyperspectral sensing has emerged as a promising tool for early disease detection, yet challenges remain in effectively harnessing its potential. This study compares parametric spectral Vegetation Indices (VIs) and a nonparametric Gaussian Process Classification based on an Automated Spectral Band Analysis Tool (GPC-BAT) for diagnosing plant bacterial diseases using hyperspectral data. The study conducted experiments on tomato plants in controlled conditions and kiwi plants in field settings to assess the performance of VIs and GPC-BAT. In the tomato experiment, the modeling processes were applied to classify the spectral data measured on the healthy class of plants (sprayed with water only) and discriminate them from the data captured on plants inoculated with the two bacterial suspensions (108 CFU mL-1). In the kiwi experiment, the standard modeling results of the spectral data collected on nonsymptomatic plants were compared to the ones obtained using symptomatic plants' spectral data. VIs, known for their simplicity in extracting biophysical information, successfully distinguished healthy and diseased tissues in both plant species. The overall accuracy achieved was 63% and 71% for tomato and kiwi, respectively. Limitations were observed, particularly in differentiating specific disease infections accurately. On the other hand, GPC-BAT, after feature reduction, showcased enhanced accuracy in identifying healthy and diseased tissues. The overall accuracy ranged from 70% to 75% in the tomato and kiwi case studies. Despite its effectiveness, the model faced challenges in accurately predicting certain disease infections, especially in the early stages. Comparative analysis revealed commonalities and differences in the spectral bands identified by both approaches, with overlaps in critical regions across plant species. Notably, these spectral regions corresponded to the absorption regions of various photosynthetic pigments and structural components affected by bacterial infections in plant leaves. The study underscores the potential of hyperspectral sensing in disease diagnosis and highlights the strengths and limitations of VIs and GPC-BAT. The identified spectral features hold biological significance, suggesting correlations between bacterial infections and alterations in plant pigments and structural components. Future research avenues could focus on refining these approaches for improved accuracy in diagnosing diverse plant-pathogen interactions, thereby aiding disease diagnosis. Specifically, efforts could be directed towards adapting these methodologies for early detection, even before symptom manifestation, to better manage agricultural diseases.

Supervised
thesis

2023

ForestMP: Multimodal perception system for robotics in forestry applications

Author
Daniel Queirós da Silva

Institution

2022

Quadruped manipulator for potential agricultural applications

Author
Maria Silva Lopes

Institution

2022

ForestMP: Multimodal perception system for robotics in forestry applications

Author
Daniel Queirós da Silva

Institution

2022

Localization and Mapping Based on Semantic and Multi-layer Maps Concepts

Author
André Silva Pinto de Aguiar

Institution

2022

PlanterRobot4.0 - Soil Perception System Leading to Robotized Tree Plantation and Maintenance in the context of Agriculture 4.0

Author
Rui Manuel Pereira Coutinho

Institution