Abstract
Este volume pretende abarcar algumas das evoluções atuais e devido à transformação digital. O mundo está em constante mutação e devido à verdadeira revolução e transformação digital esta mudança tem ocorrido a passos muito rápidos e de forma imprevisível – o que faz com que seja difícil fazer previsões a cinco anos e sobre como estarão certas indústrias afetadas pela tecnologia, no futuro. As redes sociais online modificaram a forma como nos expomos e apresentamos. Os smartphones tornaram tudo mais móvel – temos grandes computadores, muito potentes, no nosso bolso e connosco todos os dias. O negócio das apps e do software mudou de paradigma – o que conta são os seguidores e muito do software agora é grátis. Vejamos o caso do Facebook, do Instagram, e até do WhatsApp – plataformas grátis. Querem é utilizar os utentes como receptáculos de publicidade e para fins comerciais que outrora eram muito diferentes e até impensáveis. Em tal ambiente a pressão sobre os gestores e os agentes na sociedade, com poder de decisão, está em níveis nunca antes vistos. Por um lado, são exigidas empresas competitivas e que façam uso da tecnologia, tecnologia que muitas das vezes é nova e tem custos assim como perigos. A privacidade da informação, quer de adultos, quer de crianças, é fundamental. Nunca antes os nossos jovens tiveram acesso a tanta informação e de forma praticamente grátis. A Internet mudou radicalmente como acedemos à informação e ao conhecimento e os pais deixaram de ser a resposta para tudo e para todas as questões dos seus filhos – tendo sido substituídos, em muitos casos, por motores de busca como o Google, e outros (dependendo também da geografia do consumidor, sendo a China uma região grande e preponderante, mas que tem regras e instituições muito próprias). Também na sala de aula os educadores, em especial no ensino superior, se deparam com esta nova realidade em que, se fazem perguntas às quais o Google tem resposta, terão dificuldade em assegurar salas cheias de alunos. Os alunos querem adquirir conhecimento tácito sobre o qual o Google não informa. Este é somente um exemplo dos desafios que a tecnologia coloca. Fica também o desafio ao leitor para nos ajudar a cocriar um futuro cada vez mais igual e não cada vez mais desigual. Mandem-nos, por favor, as vossas sugestões sobre como acompanhar a revolução no meio da qual vivemos hoje em dia. Por último, gostaríamos de agradecer encarecidamente aos autores dos diversos capítulos do livro, pela sua dedicação aos temas, pela sua originalidade, e pela sua paciência e cooperação na revisão dos materiais submetidos.

Abstract
A big concern in seeking to understand the importance of knowledge management initiatives within organizations is shown by the wide range of existing literature. This paper aims to present the relevant information on how to implement a knowledge academy within industrial organizations, the main goal being to reflect on what are the best practices on knowledge capture and transfer. First, a framework on knowledge management to support the problem contextualization and objectives regarding knowledge initiatives is presented. Next, a knowledge academy will be implemented in an industrial company following some good practices reported in the literature. Finally, and based on the experience of implementing this project, a knowledge academy methodology to capture and transfer critical knowledge, detailing the best practices in each implementation phase is proposed and detailed. The results revealed the importance of having a structured plan and guidelines aligned with the overall organizational strategy. In fact, this alignment is the key to the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge management initiatives.

Abstract
In this paper we delve into the health sector and explore the way vaccines might change in the near future. As new challenges emerge, health professionals are faced with the need for innovative, effective answers to many issues, such as health-threatening viruses and diseases, that grow increasingly more complex, calling for new and practical solutions. Building on this framework, we have decided to address edible vaccines - a completely innovative and simpler way to administer vaccines - not only to understand if it is viewed in a favorable light but also to find out how the knowledge regarding these vaccines can be increased. After a thorough literature review, it became clear that the information about edible vaccines is not evident and easy to access. We then decided to apply a mixed methodology in our study, based on 15 interviews, in person and by email, addressing healthcare professionals, with the intent of gathering their experience and possible knowledge about vaccines. Additionally, an online survey was created and answered by 370 concerned citizens, in order to ascertain their knowledge and receptiveness to this matter. Hereupon, we concluded that, in both samples, there was very limited knowledge about these vaccines, it becoming obvious how important it is to transmit qualified information through accessible means, such as newscasts, scientific papers and magazines, health centers and hospitals, among others. Regarding the level of acceptance by the public in general, our results show that this innovation is dependent on its correct disclosure and propagation, since it is of great advantage and benefit for society. In sum, how the relevant knowledge (including proof of effectiveness) is managed and disseminated will be key.

Abstract

Abstract
Social media is one of the greatest achievements of technological evolution. Nowadays, we have the world in our hands, just a click away. But if, on one hand, the community saw social media as a progressive tool, strict governments saw them as a threat to their regime. China was one of the countries that imposed a highly repressive strategy which blocked foreign content, therefore, websites like Google, YouTube and Facebook are blocked, and Chinese netizens can only access government approved websites. Surrounded by this Firewall, the Chinese are kept complacent towards the government's decisions and are held back from speaking against it. From this situation, we began wondering the extent of our opinion permeability towards social networks in the West. We set a parallelism between two different situations but, in a way, complementary. Is our political opinion shaped by the content we see on social networks? Is there a strategy being applied to purposefully guide our opinion? This was the focal point of our survey which was applied to a Portuguese sample. A survey was created on Google Forms where both individuals' perspectives were assessed. The research sample was a convenience sample, which included 160 answers. Most participants (66%) said they considered that social networks serve as a mechanism for disseminating political ideologies. Moreover, 49.38% believe that social networks can have an impact on real-life decisions regarding the political sphere. Through a careful analysis of the data, we concluded that people seem to be aware of the magnitude that social media has had in politics lately, and they are, in general, responsible commentators who, most often, look for a second source of information. Notably, we have become somewhat intolerable to the opinions of others because we have closed ourselves in our own communities, in the content that our algorithm chooses for us and in a way, we are, as the Chinese, restricted to a digital bubble of information alongside with others who share the same political beliefs.

Abstract
Digital transformation has been achieved in one application (user interface – related to workplace excellence and the whole company environment) in a large chemical company in Germany. In connection with variable corporate goals such as fluctuating workload, agile responsiveness to customer inquiries, ecological and economic sustainability which require an intelligent and forward-looking management of the company. Hence, a prototype solution has been created to respond to a very dynamic market. Based on Microsoft PowerPoint (ISpring) and with some add-ons pre-selected operators may interact, including with video content. The current architecture of the IT system has already been done. Adjustments will still be made to become more agile and future-driven to follow all of the company business rules. An artificial intelligence (AI)-based methodical analysis and synthesis approach is followed, for human and other resource input calculation, to follow business KPIs (key performance indicators) and other business goals with an algorithm. This evolution or control system is seen as a natural response to a very complex environment where human effort and error must be minimized (through simplification and a mathematical algorithm and a fast loop e.g., every ten minutes KPIs may be re-calculated according to existing capacity due to availability of equipment and human resources). This holistic approach shortens reaction times to market situations and at the same time minimizes non-value-adding processes. The business roles are determined depending on the culture/size of the company and strategic parameters. The continuously available flexibility in product design and the instability of all resources is of significant importance. After initial research it was found that commercial systems do not have this ability to dynamically and agilely automatically adapt to the given optimum. Instead of isolated partial optimizations, the expected results are compared with the real results in a continuous dynamic simulation and readjusted promptly [1]. This algorithm represents the actual added value, which has a high economic but also humanity advantage, especially in the manufacturing industry. In the future most manufacturing enterprises will have to follow this AI and agile path to competitive advantage vis-à-vis Asian competitors. The last quarter of 2021 experienced a 10% productivity improvement due to this implementation, based on the prototype, and mainly due to one product implementation champion (in an area with 270 employees). © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.