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Publications

Publications by CTM

2025

Fusion Strategies for Breast Cancer Characterization Using Traditional and Deep Learning Models

Authors
Lima, PV; Cardoso, JS; Oliveira, HP;

Publication
BIBE

Abstract
Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide, making accurate evaluation of molecular markers important for effective disease management. Biomarkers such as ER, PR, and HER2 are typically assessed because they help inform prognosis and guide treatment decisions. Predicting these characteristics from imaging can support earlier clinical intervention, reduce reliance on invasive procedures, and contribute to more personalized care. While radiomics and deep learning approaches have demonstrated potential, comprehensive comparisons across these methods are still limited. This study evaluated handcrafted features, deep features, and end-to-end deep learning models for predicting ER, PR, and HER2 status from DCE-MRI. Each feature type was first assessed individually and then combined using early and late fusion. Handcrafted and deep features were processed through a pipeline that included resampling, dimensionality reduction, and model selection, while end-to-end models were trained using different initialization strategies and loss functions. The best models achieved AUCs of 0.659 for ER, 0.679 for PR, and 0.686 for HER2. Although late fusion generally improved performance, bias toward the majority classes persisted. Overall, the results suggest that combining different modeling strategies may enhance robustness in breast cancer characterization.

2025

HER2match dataset

Authors
Klöckner, P; Teixeira, J; Montezuma, D; Cardoso, JS; Horlings, HM; de Oliveira, SP;

Publication

Abstract

2025

BreLoAI - A Scalable Web Application for Breast Cancer Locoregional Treatment Approaches

Authors
Miguel M Romariz; Tiago F Gonçalves; Eduard Bonci; Hélder Oliveira; Carlos Mavioso; Maria J Cardoso; Jaime Cardoso;

Publication
Cureus Journal of Computer Science.

Abstract

2025

End-to-End Occluded Person Re-Identification With Artificial Occlusion Generation

Authors
Capozzi, L; Cardoso, JS; Rebelo, A;

Publication
IEEE ACCESS

Abstract
In recent years, the task of person re-identification (Re-ID) has improved considerably with the advances in deep learning methodologies. However, occluded person Re-ID remains a challenging task, as parts of the body of the individual are frequently hidden by various objects, obstacles, or other people, making the identification process more difficult. To address these issues, we introduce a novel data augmentation strategy using artificial occlusions, consisting of random shapes and objects from a small image dataset that was created. We also propose an end-to-end methodology for occluded person Re-ID, which consists of three branches: a global branch, a feature dropping branch, and an occlusion detection branch. Experimental results show that the use of random shape occlusions is superior to random erasing using our architecture. Results on six datasets consisting of three tasks (holistic, partial and occluded person Re-ID) demonstrate that our method performs favourably against state-of-the-art methodologies.

2025

Leveraging Cold Diffusion for the Decomposition of Identically Distributed Superimposed Images

Authors
Montenegro, H; Cardoso, JS;

Publication
IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF SIGNAL PROCESSING

Abstract
With the growing adoption of Deep Learning for imaging tasks in biometrics and healthcare, it becomes increasingly important to ensure privacy when using and sharing images of people. Several works enable privacy-preserving image sharing by anonymizing the images so that the corresponding individuals are no longer recognizable. Most works average images or their embeddings as an anonymization technique, relying on the assumption that the average operation is irreversible. Recently, cold diffusion models, based on the popular denoising diffusion probabilistic models, have succeeded in reversing deterministic transformations on images. In this work, we leverage cold diffusion to decompose superimposed images, empirically demonstrating that it is possible to obtain two or more identically-distributed images given their average. We propose novel sampling strategies for this task and show their efficacy on three datasets. Our findings highlight the risks of averaging images as an anonymization technique and argue for the use of alternative anonymization strategies.

2025

Balancing Beyond Discrete Categories: Continuous Demographic Labels for Fair Face Recognition

Authors
Neto, PC; Damer, N; Cardoso, JS; Sequeira, AF;

Publication
CoRR

Abstract

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