Abstract
This article describes the use of learning design to contextualise learning resources in a repository through the use of pre-defined templates. We advocate a close connection between a resource and its pattern of use in order to improve learning objects reuse. Moreover, we present the rationale for adopting and using learning design templates in the TREE repository.

Abstract
Many music works produced in the past still exist only as original manuscripts or as photocopies. Preserving them entails their digitalization and consequent accessibility in a digital format easy-to-manage. The manual process to carry out this task is very time consuming and error prone. Optical music recognition (OMR) is a form of structured document image analysis where music symbols are isolated and identified so that the music can be conveniently processed. While OMR systems perform well on printed scores, current methods for reading handwritten musical scores by computers remain far from ideal. One of the fundamental stages of this process is the staff line detection. In this paper a new method for the automatic detection of music stave lines based on a shortest path approach is presented. Lines with some curvature, discontinuities, and inclination are robustly detected. The proposed algorithm behaves favourably when compared experimentally with well-established algorithms.

Abstract
To improve their efficiency and competitiveness, organizations are increasingly interested in applications that support team work, usually know as groupware. Beside interoperability, familiarity with the application and users' mobility support, a feature that is of outmost importance in groupware is the notification of events produced by cooperative activities. Web Services have emerged recently to support the exchange of data in distributed environments using common Internet technologies and have been used mainly to build business-to-business applications. However, Web Services have capabilities that make them suitable to meet the requirements posed by groupware applications, a field where little work has been carried out. This article describes a model for developing cooperative applications based on Web Services technology and using asynchronous notification of events, and presents a brief description of the implementation of the support services for that model and of a prototype application that uses them.

Abstract
This paper describes an MPEG-2 distributed studio architecture that was proposed for the ATLANTIC (Advanced Television at Low bit rates And Networked Transmission over Integrated Communications systems) Project. This is one of the European Projects approved in the ACTS (Advanced Communication Technologies and Services) programme. The main goals of this distributed studio are to develop a system that will provide functionality for the production and distribution of TV programmes in an MPEG-2 format, with all the equipment interconnected by an ATM LAN. The architecture of the studio is compliant with the specifications issued by the Digital Audio-Visual Council (DAVIC).

Abstract
Besides services traditionally available in wireless networks, new ones may be offered that transparently adjust and adapt to the user context. The user would have more choice and flexibility if not only could he use platform and third-party services, but also compose his own services in an ad-hoc way, making it available to other users, involving them collaboratively in the construction of a wide set of services. Moreover, collaboration among users can be fostered by the availability of awareness services in mobile environments that enable them to execute joint tasks and activities. This paper presents iCas, an architecture to create context-aware services on the fly, and discusses its main modules. Also a collaborative application scenario is briefly described.

Abstract
Desktop video editing plays an important role in the digital video market, and cooperative applications are important for organizations. Cooperative video editing tools can be an interesting solution for large broadcasters or for remote reporting, and such commercial products are lacking. This paper describes a cooperative video editing tool, Coview, which uses Web services to provide the cooperative functionalities. For this purpose, an overview is given of the basic issues of Web Services and Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Then, the Web Services-based cooperative infrastructure and the Coview prototype is described. Finally, some experimental results and concluding remarks are presented.