Abstract
The evolutionary growth of information technology has enabled us with platforms that eases access to a wide range of electronic services. Typically, access to these services requires users to authenticate their identity, which involves the release, dissemination and processing of personal data by third parties such as service and identity providers. The involvement of these and other entities in managing and processing personal identifiable data has continued to raise concerns on privacy of personal information. Identity management systems (IdMs) emerged as a promising solution to address major access control and privacy issues, however most research works are focused on securing service providers (SPs) and the services provided, with little emphases on users privacy. In order to optimise users privacy and ensure that personal information are used only for intended purposes, there is need for authorisation systems that controls who may access what and under what conditions. However, for adoption data owners perspective must not be neglected. To address these issues, this paper introduces the concept of IdM and access control framework which operates with RESTful based services. The proposal provides a new level of abstraction and logic in access management, while giving data owner a decisive control over access to personal data using smartphone. The framework utilises Attribute based access control (ABAC) method to authenticate and authorise users, Open ID Connect (OIDC) protocol for data owner authorisation and Public-key cryptography to achieve perfect forward secrecy communication. The solution enables data owner to attain the responsibility of granting or denying access to their data, from a secured communication with an identity provider using a digitally signed token.

Abstract
Payments using cryptocurrencies may require that the user is able to provide proof of ownership and proof of provenance for a specific transaction. In this paper an innovative web based solution is proposed as a framework that issues reports, on request, pertaining proof of ownership and proof of provenance. The proposed framework provides proof of ownership by using micro-payments and, when used recursively, it can produce provenance reports up to a defined granularity level of transactions. A proof of concept prototype of the proposed framework was implemented and its operation and output is presented and explained. Some limitations and future work directions are also identified. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

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Notary services have long been identified as a recurrent example for dematerialisation through blockchain adoption, but has failed to become a world wide reality. The key issue being the distinct legal frameworks throughout the world. Europe in this context has a more restrictive legal context with regard to blockchain use. In this work, we briefly discuss the European role of the Notary, review the existing European solutions and identify related open issues that are not resolved in the existing solutions. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

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