Abstract
Open Design (OD) is characterized as fast-growing community-based generative process, that is supported in a digital repository or platform, in order to develop a specific topic area or field. Many examples of OD are available nowadays, from software (probably the most common) to hardware, and from science and technology to business. One of the most known platforms of OD is an open editable content encyclopedia, the Wikipedia. Trough the involvement of volunteers (community that do not receive any payment for the work) in writing articles in a collaborative way was possible to develop, most probably, the extensive multi-language encyclopedia in the World started from scratch within 18 years. Based on analysis made from available Wikipedia statistical data, it is possible to conclude that from a stochastic behaviour the variables reached a transition phase in which a presence of a hysteresis between all variables were reached in between 60 to 80 months, and the editors (agents of the community) are an important asset for the system "transformation". (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Abstract
Raw materials are very important for the development of economies and also to assure quality of life. Due to our production and consumption patterns new challenges emerged. The consumption of raw materials is very high, what raises important issues such as the depletion of resources, instability of prices and markets, risk of rupture of supply and other environmental, economic and social impacts. The European Union as many other regions of the world are implementing some strategies to overcome this problem, being the most recent the circular economy package, which intends to maintain materials as long as possible in the economic cycle, avoiding the use of new resources. There is a list of critical raw materials for EU and in this work the methodology of pairwise comparison was applied to a set of those raw materials for determining the importance of each taking in consideration several factors, such import reliance, end of life, economic importance, etc. The main goal was to develop a method based on pairwise comparison in a case of European Union to define priorities for acting, enhancing the achievement of sustainable solutions. It was also performed a sensitivity analysis. It was possible to conclude that the top position for the majority of the several raw materials does not change with the weights. Tantalum, Tungsten, Baryte and Antimony are always in the top positions. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Abstract
Nowadays, Lean Manufacturing, Industry 4.0, and Sustainability are important concerns for the companies and in a general way for the society, principally, the influence of the two production philosophies, Lean Manufacturing and Industry 4.0, in the three main pillars of sustainability: economic, environmental, and social. According to the literature review done in this work, these relations are not well known and are dispersed by different sustainability's criteria. To address this gap, this research proposes a structural equation model, with six hypotheses, to quantitatively measure the effects of Lean Manufacturing and Industry 4.0, in Sustainability. To statistically validate such hypotheses, we collected 252 valid questionnaires from industrial companies of Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain). Results show that: (1) it is not conclusive that Lean Manufacturing is correlated with any of the sustainability pillars; and (2) Industry 4.0 shows a strong correlation with the three sustainability pillars. These results can contribute as an important decision support for the industrial companies and its stakeholders, even because not all the results are in line with other opinions and studies.

Abstract
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) emerge as a strategic tool, indispensable for the survival of any organization. However, excessive use of ICT can lead to drawbacks such as equipment dependency, rapid obsolescence, and rising maintenance costs. Inefficient use of ICT can result in higher costs for organizations, which may cause them to lose important competitive advantages. In this context, outsourcing printing may be an alternative for institutions to reduce their costs and become more competitive. The aim of this paper is to evaluate scenarios about the financial viability of printing outsourcing in a Federal Higher Education Institution (Instituicoo Federal de Ensino Superior - IFES). To this end, an exploratory research was conducted, with a quantitative approach, using computational modeling, and using the System Dynamics methodology, with simulation and evaluation of three different scenarios: current scenario, likely scenario, unlikely scenario. The results obtained indicate that the unlikely scenario (100% of leased printers) resulted in lower printing costs over the period of the experiment, totaling R$ 637,828.00; the probable scenario (50% of leased printers) totaled R$ 1,000,480.00; while the current scenario (20% of leased printers) resulted in costs of R$ 1,603,060. With the simulations, it was found that printer leasing (outsourcing printing) is the best financial alternative for IFES, which served as a reference for the study, resulting in lower printing costs compared to printer acquisition. The use of systems modeling to evaluate scenarios has been used to support managers in the decision making involving ICT; however, there were no studies in the literature focused on the financial viability simulation of printer outsourcing. Thus, this work sought to bridge this gap by developing and validating a simulation model that can be applied in different scenarios and types of organizations, and work as a reference for future studies.

Abstract
Nowadays, companies are facing a constant need to develop and increase coordination between operational functions to respond rapidly and accurately to customer requests. Linked with this need, an increasing number of practitioners are resorting to an established and integrated business management methodology, the Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP). The concept of S&OP has gained increased recognition over the years by several authors and companies. This project describes the S&OP implementation in Sogrape Vinhos (wines) S.A., a Portuguese wine producer and distributer. The company was confronted with low accuracy in the establishing the forecast demand plans, especially on a long-term horizon. In order to increase the demand plans accuracy, the company started a S&OP implementation program. This paper describes the company's current planning process, explains the S&OP's implementation model presenting the selected parameters adequate to the company's context, and finally, evaluate the expected outcomes of this project. Preliminary results from the S&OP implementation project at Sogrape indicate significant savings at the operational level and greater effectiveness in developing the company's demand plans. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Abstract
This research evaluates IRCA registered auditors' perspectives of the added value of ISO 9001:2015 to the organizations that adopt it and are certified accordingly, bringing P a more independent perspective than previous studies based on quality managers or consultants' views. Supported by a worldwide survey among IRCA registered auditors and the adoption of a Covariance based- Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM) approach the results point out that the auditors' judgment regarding the ISO 9001:2015 value is influenced by their perceptions (regarding the document) and experience (auditing). The research results highlight the importance of selecting auditors with the appropriate ISO 9001:2015 knowledge and experience to assess ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems (QMSs) within the certification process, therefore, contributing to the business and processes performance improvement and sustainable outcomes.