Abstract
Industry 4.0 is a new industrial paradigm that brings new challenges for workers as they have to actively collaborate with robots in an interconnected environment. The main purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview of how collaborative robots can be used to support human workers in Industry 4.0 manufacturing environments. The use of collaborative robots certainly brings many advantages as these machines enable more efficient product systems by supporting workers with both physical and cognitive tasks, as is the case of exoskeletons. On the other hand, human–robot interaction might also have some risks if human factors considerations are not well thought through throughout the process. Moreover, it becomes clear that the role that humans have been playing so far in a manufacturing environment is rapidly changing. Human workers will have to adapt to these new systems by acquiring and improving a set of skills that have sometime been neglected until nowadays. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.