Abstract
The collection of health and fitness longitudinal data can be used to model disease progression and shape new algorithms to diagnose and predict health hazards. Continuously tracking vital signs, in particular heart rate and skin temperature, can be very informative by using models and algorithms to predict and notify the user about when he might be falling ill. With the current wearable devices and the proper algorithms, the individual can be permanently monitored, which might be much more interesting than a one-off reading comparison with the population average, made by a doctor. It would be possible to intervene earlier and to prevent somebody from becoming seriously ill. From a broader perspective, the knowledge about a user’s health can be considered as an element of that user’s context and be used by context aware applications to provide higher value to the user. After the trivialization of the data acquisition sensors, wearable devices, and raw data, the next logical step is the development of contained software components that can infer and produce knowledge from the raw data. These components and the knowledge they produce can be used by all sorts of applications in order to further customize their usage by a specific user. Customization and context awareness, in regard to health, is a wide field for research and there are a multitude of proposals for models and algorithms. In this review work we searched for software components (frameworks, software libraries, etc.), freely available and that can be used as building blocks for other computer systems by software developers. Copyright

Abstract
The peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterized by leg pain during walking, and a recommended treatment for this disease is to perform supervised physical activity. In this chapter, a system that monitories the physical activity containing one application for smartwatch, one application for smartphone, and a back-end webservice is presented. The applications collect heart rate, GPS locations, step count, and altitude data. The methodology used for the development of the system was based on the agile method with the production of prototypes. In this chapter, four development cycles, which cover the users' and researchers' needs, are presented. In this work, the main objective is to evaluate the current mobile technologies on the physical activity data collection and the development of a system that assists the users to maintain an active life. © 2018, IGI Global.

Abstract
Aging is a natural process inherent in being human. During the aging process a person's physical and mental condition will degrade, imposing limitations on their life, which can have a great impact on their well-being. Although they are common to all humans, the consequences of aging can be aggravated by the decline in social relations and contact with family and friends. It is therefore of the utmost importance to maintain these relationships throughout life. In this sense, we intend to develop a system to support these people, allowing them to overcome their limitations, promoting and reinforcing the bonds between the user and the elements of his family and group of friends, using the technology. In this article we discuss the prototyping of a support system for the elderly to combat the lack of interaction between these individuals and their social group. With the use of prototyping it s intended a previous validation of the concept and functionalities of this system. The user is placed within the development process and, in this way, it is possible to evaluate the Human-Machine Interaction component and to detect possible problems so that they can be solved in a timely manner. This is an iterative process in which the system is constantly evaluated and readjusted until it is validated.

Abstract
In this review the objective is to search for technologies that supervise the exercise or physical activity of people suffering from Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) at home or in the community. Patients with PAD have walking limitations and their quality of life progressively deteriorates. The regular practice of exercise can help mitigate these effects and even improve their health status. The methodology used was to search for scientific articles published since 2008, with the final result of 18 articles. The results show the most frequent technologies used are based on the accelerometer device, with the tests being performed on a treadmill at a hospital. The hospital tests are expensive, so a useful and viable alternative is the usage of mobile devices to help the health professionals record the exercise performed by their patients suffering with PAD. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018.

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the donation based crowdfunding state of the art, establishing a classification scheme to analyze the major platforms, and discussing current research trends and future challenges of crowdfunding as a social inclusion instrument. In many social exclusion situations crowdfunding is the last stronghold to ensure the access to basic commodities, essential to the daily life and well-being of individuals. Despite the commercial success of many crowdfunding platforms, this study shows future research opportunities in the crowdfunding as an inclusion mechanism that can trigger a broader adoption for social causes. The high social impact of the research contributions in this domain can also contribute to make it a hot topic in the upcoming years.

Abstract
In a higher education institution, professors and researchers may have to perform several distinct roles and activities such as teaching, researching, management, and community outreach. The performance evaluation of these professionals must consider a wide range of information, which is used in a complex evaluation process. This work reports the development and introduction of an information system to digitally manage the complete performance evaluation process in a higher education institution (HEI), including the collection, process, and report of information. The ultimate objective of the project was to electronically support the evaluation process, which was attained by collecting and combining data from several sources and later processed. This approach rendered a viable evaluation process that otherwise would be painful to implement. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018.