Luís Torres Pereira

Abstract
Background: The gap between offer and need for a kidney transplant (KT) has been increasing. The Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) is a measure of organ quality and allows estimation of graft survival, but could not apply to all populations. Knowledge of our kidney donor and recipient population is vital to adjust transplant strategies. Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of donors and recipients of KT regarding two kidney transplant units: Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Coimbra, CHUC (Coimbra, Portugal) and Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao, CHUSJ (Porto, Portugal), between 2013 and 2018. We then did statistical analysis and modeling, correlating these KT outcomes with donor and recipient characteristics, including KDPI. Artificial intelligence methods were performed to determine the best predictors of graft survival. Results: We analyzed a total of 808 kidney donors and 829 recipients of KT. The association between KDPI and graft dysfunction was only moderate. The decision tree machine learning algorithm proved to be better at predicting graft failure than artificial neural networks. Multinomial logistic regression revealed recipient age as an important prognostic factor for graft loss. Conclusions: In this Portuguese cohort, KDPI was not a good measure of KT survival, although it correlated with GFR 1 year post-transplant. The decision tree proved to be the best algorithm to predict graft failure. Age of the recipient was the most important predictor of graft dysfunction.

Abstract
The concept of health indicates physical, mental and social well-being. Psychological stress is commonly present among freshmen due to social and environmental changes. An approach to study the impact of stress on students relied on biological data assessment. In this work, electrocardiogram signals from first year students, from the Biomedical Engineering course, were collected during an oral presentation, acquiring the RR time series. Linear and nonlinear methodologies are used to extract features that best characterize the RR time series in young subjects under stress conditions.

Abstract
To increase the quality of the health care services and, at the same time, to control their costs, the use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has substantially increased during the last years. Usability of EHR systems is a key factor to increase their efficiency. The SClinico is an EHR system widely used in public hospitals and primary care centres of the Portuguese National Health Service and the present article reports the assessment of its usability. This usability assessment consisted in three stages: in the first stage, an exploratory assessment was carried out, while in the second stage a quantitative assessment was performed using a validated usability assessment instrument, and, finally, in the third stage a focus group involving clinicians and usability experts was conducted. The results showed that SClinico presents important usability issues and, therefore, recommendations are suggested to overcome the identified issues.

Abstract
This study focused on the use of sound playbacks as acoustic deterrents to direct native potamodromous migratory species away from all kind of traps. The effects of two acoustic treatments, a repeated sine sweep up to 2 kHz (sweep-up stimulus) and an intermittent 140 Hz tone, were tested in three fish species native to Iberia: Salmo trutta, Pseudochondrostoma duriense and Luciobarbus bocagei. In contrast with S. trutta, the endemic cyprinids P. duriense and L. bocagei exhibited a strong repulse reaction to the frequency sweep-up sound. The 140 Hz stimulus did not seem to alter significantly the behaviour of any of the studied species. These results highlight the potential of acoustic stimuli as fish behavioural barriers and their application to in situ conservation measures of native Iberian fish populations, to protect them from hydropower dams. In addition, this study shows that acoustic deterrents can be used selectively on target species.

Abstract
The use of electronic health records (EHR) to support clinical practices is widespread worldwide, due to the need to optimize health care delivery. Therefore, the usability assessment of EHR systems is crucial. The objective of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the usability of SClinico, the most used EHR system within the Portuguese National Health Service. This observational study to assess SClinico usability took place in several clinical services of the Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. The results show that SClinico has some usability issues that influence the clinical practice and, therefore, need to be improved. Copyright