Abstract
Determining the optimal management in terms of operative decisions (charging, discharging, or disconnection) as well as their magnitudes (charging/discharging current/power), considering the nonlinearities of battery energy storage system (BESS) is a crucial process on the successful acceptance of energy storage technologies. This work presents an optimization model for the management of BESS operating in real-time electricity markets in order to maximize the economic profits by energy arbitrage. The optimization model proposed combines genetic algorithm (GA) with gravitational search algorithm (GSA). On one hand, GA uses an integer codification, where charging, discharging, and disconnection are represented. On the other hand, GSA optimizes the maximum charging or discharging energy. The proposed combination of optimization algorithms allows determining the integer and continuous variables involved in the management problem, taking into account the nonlinear behavior of BESS. The proposed approach was implemented considering lead acid and vanadium redox flow batteries under the conditions of Spanish electricity market.

Abstract
The precise minute time scale forecasting of an individual Photovoltaic power station output relies on accurate sky image prediction. To avoid the two deficiencies of traditional digital image processing technology (DIPT) in predicting sky images: relatively limited input spatiotemporal information and linear extrapolation of images, convolutional auto-encoder (CAE) based sky image prediction models are proposed according to the spatiotemporal feature extraction ability of 2D and 3D convolutional layers. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed models, two typical DIPT methods, including particle image velocimetry (PIV) and Fourier phase correlation theory (FPCT) are introduced to build the benchmark models. The results show that the proposed models outperform the benchmark models under different scenarios.

Abstract
The original version of the book was inadvertently published with incomplete information in the Organization page of the front matter, which has now been included. The book has been updated with the change. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
With the continuous escalation of global warming and consequent water scarcity, techniques to optimize water use of irrigation in agriculture are needed. Thus, deficit irrigation strategies (DI) can be used for a sustainable water usage. However, it is necessary to recursively monitor plant response under DI to ensure their productivity and prevent from severe water stress. The goal of this study is to assesscanopy and soil surface temperatures of olive trees under different irrigation strategies, through thermal infrared images obtained by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The temperatures from the different irrigation strategies were analysed with three approaches using the difference between canopy and air temperatures (Tc-Ta). The use of UAV-based thermal infrared imagery has proven to be extremely useful to the estimation of olive canopy and soil surface temperatures, which allow to discriminate different irrigation treatments.

Abstract
By means of a cross-cultural virtual teams project involving classrooms in Scotland, Germany, and Portugal, students were exposed to the challenges of collaborating internationally with the intention of increasing their intercultural competency. Intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication competency were measured using responses to surveys before and after the 6-week project. Students reported, among other aspects, a heightened awareness of the difficulties of intercultural communication. Despite a general appreciation of the project and its outcomes, negative results, such as an increased dislike of intercultural interaction, emerged. Contradictory results warrant further investigation with data from future collaborations.

Abstract
Archives are faced with great challenges due to the vast amounts of data they have to curate. New data models are required, and work is underway. The International Council on Archives is creating the RiC-CM (Records in Context), and there is a long line of work in museums with the CIDOC-CRM (CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model). Both models are based on ontologies to represent cultural heritage data and link them to other information. The Portuguese National Archives hold a collection with over 3.5 million metadata records, described with the ISAD(G) standard. The archives are designing a new linked data model and a technological platform with applications for archive contributors, archivists, and the public. The current work extends CIDOC-CRM into ArchOnto, an ontology-based model for archives. The model defines the relevant archival entities and properties and will be used to migrate existing records. ArchOnto accommodates the existing ISAD(G) information and takes into account its implementation with current technologies. The model is evaluated with records from representative fonds. After the test on these samples, the model is ready to be populated with the semi-automatic transformation of the ISAD records. The evaluation of the model and the population strategies will proceed with experiments involving professional and lay users. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.