Abstract

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between academic inbreeding in Portugal and research collaboration, using co-authored publications as proxies. As previous research has shown that inbreeding is detrimental for research collaborations, it is hypothesised that academic inbreeding will lead to smaller research networks and, consequently, to fewer co-authored publications outside the institution of affiliation. Relying on a large data set which merged information on academics, their inbreeding status and their publications, binomial negative and fractional models were estimated to test the hypothesis. Findings show that inbred academics have smaller research networks; while they publish most co-authored papers, the relative weight of publications written in collaboration with institutional colleagues is the highest. In contrast, non-inbred academics with foreign PhDs have larger co-authorship networks. However, they publish most single-authored papers and the weight of their international co-authorships is heaviest.

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This paper arises from experience by the authors in teaching software engineering courses. It discusses the need for adequate coverage of Human-Computer Interaction topics in these courses and the challenges faced when addressing them. Three courses, at both licentiate and master's levels, are used as triggers for the discussion. The paper argues that the lack of relevant Human-Computer Interaction concepts creates challenges when teaching and learning requirements analysis, design, and implementation of software systems. The approaches adopted to address these challenges are described.

Abstract
Annotating a corpus with argument structures is a complex task, and it is even more challenging when addressing text genres where argumentative discourse markers do not abound. We explore a corpus of opinion articles annotated by multiple annotators, providing diverse perspectives of the argumentative content therein. New annotation aggregation methods are explored, diverging from the traditional ones that try to minimize presumed errors from annotator disagreement. The impact of our methods is assessed for the task of argument density prediction, seen as an initial step in the argument mining pipeline. We evaluate and compare models trained for this regression task in different generated datasets, considering their prediction error and also from a ranking perspective. Results confirm the expectation that addressing argument density from a ranking perspective is more promising than looking at the problem as a mere regression task. We also show that probabilistic aggregation, which weighs tokens by considering all annotators, is a more interesting approach, achieving encouraging results as it accommodates different annotator perspectives. The code and models are publicly available at https://github.com/DARGMINTS/argument density.

Abstract
Weak linearisation was defined years ago through a static characterization of the intuitive notion of virtual redex, based on (legal) paths computed from the (syntactical) term tree. Weak-linear terms impose a linearity condition only on functions that are applied (consumed by reduction) and functions that are not applied (therefore persist in the term along any reduction) can be non-linear. This class of terms was shown to be strongly normalising with deciding typability in polynomial time. We revisit this notion through non-idempotent intersection types (also called quantitative types). By using an effective characterisation of minimal typings, based on the notion of tightness, we are able to distinguish between “consumed” and “persistent” term constructors, which allows us to define an expansion relation, between general ? -terms and weak-linear ? -terms, whilst preserving normal forms by reduction. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
The Alto do Sobrido and Ribeiro da Serra Mines, are two antimony-gold mines located in Gondomar, Portugal, and are part of the Dúrico-Beirão Mining District (DBMD). In this work, we use four geophysical methods, such as gravity, radiometry, magnetic and electromagnetic, to improve the knowledge about these mineralizations and the lithologies and structures associated with them. These four methods allowed us to study these mineralizations through different physical properties. The gravimetric method allowed us to add more data to the hypothesis that the gold-antimony mineralizations of the DBMD could be genetically associated with a non-outcropping granite intrusion, which functioned either as a heat engine that promoted the circulation of fluids and/or as a source of fluids and metals itself. A 2D model was proposed, created with both modelling and inversion, to show that the presence of this granite could indeed fit the response of the negative anomalies found in the residual anomaly. The radiometric method was used mainly as a mapping tool, where we were able to distinguish between some of the lithologies of the area, like the Lower Ordovician quartzites and the metasediments of the Middle Ordovician to the Carboniferous, but also to observe different element concentrations within the Pre-Ordovician Schist-Greywacke Complex (SGC). These variations within the SGC lithology don’t have a clear explanation as to why they occur. Still, we believe that they could occur due to the influence of the abovementioned non-outcropping granite. With the very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic method, it was possible to locate areas of lower resistivities that correspond to the location of several known mineralized veins, as well as the probable location for a new vein. It was also possible to observe some weathered rocks near faults and fractures associated with the Dúrico-Beirão Shear Zone (DBSZ). With the magnetic method, it is possible to contribute to areas with the prevalence of lithologies and minerals with higher magnetic susceptibilities. Several magnetic anomalies found near the Alto do Sobrido mining works correspond to the mineralized veins paragenesis. Other anomalies appear to be related to the location of faults and fractures associated with the DBSZ. The use of all these methods allowed us to observe the mineralization responses and its associated lithologies and structures through the different geophysical properties while adding knowledge about the genesis of these mineralizations and possibly the location of new mineralized veins.