Abstract

Abstract
This paper presents new achievements on the automatic mapping of abstract algorithms, written in imperative software programming languages, to custom computing machines. The reconfigurable hardware element of the target architecture consists of one field-programmable gate array coupled with one or more memories. The compilation flow exposes operation- and functional-level parallelism, and speculative execution. Such expositions are efficiently represented in a hierarchical model. In order to take full advantage of such representation, the scheduling scope is significantly improved by merging basic blocks at loop boundaries and by considering the parallel execution of exposed concurrent loops. The paper describes the scheduling technique, shows a study on the impact of the merge operation, and reveals the improvements achieved when the exposed parallelism is fully satisfied. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.

Abstract
X-ray emission spectra in the 5-22 nm range were recorded from planar and structured (meshlike groove surface) gold targets at 45 degrees and 90 degrees to the laser axis. A laser beam of 10-ns duration with E-L less than or equal to 700 mJ and 1.06-mum wavelength was used for the experiment. Experimental results indicate an enhanced X-ray yield from a structured target as compared to a planar target under identical experimental conditions. Increased X-ray emission is attributed to plasma confinement and the possibility of conversion of kinetic energy into localized thermal energy of the plasma. Results are analyzed explicitly on the incident laser energy.

Abstract
The quantization procedure for low-frequency modes in a plasma has been generalized to include dust-Coulomb waves (DCWs) which are driven by the grain charge oscillations in a dusty plasma. We thus introduce the concept of "chargeon", the elementary excitation of the ultra low-frequency electrostatic fields in a dusty plasma, which are mainly supported by the grain charge oscillations. Their characteristic features are similar to the usual phonons, but they correspond to very different physical properties of the medium.

Abstract
This paper presents a review of the state of the art on Intelligent Transportation Systems. ITS involves a large number of research areas and, therefore, this paper focus on those we believe to be the most relevant. The main purpose is to study the achievements attained in the last years and to give an overview of possible directions towards future research. © 2001 EUCA.

Abstract
This text presents an overview of the basic concepts of a Neuro-Fuzzy inference system for spatial Offer-and-Demand forecasting of electric power on a geographical basis, over GIS (Geographical Information Systems).