Abstract

Abstract
Knowledge management intrinsically involves communication and information sharing, which can be strongly affected by the context in which it is viewed and interpreted. This situation gets worst when complex domains. are considered, as it is the case of the Construction Industry domains. The development of ontologies to unify and to put into context the different concepts and terms of the sometimes rather traditional and locally coloured construction industry domains is a necessary step to avoid misinterpretations and inefficient communication. The KNOW-CONSTRUCT project decided, as an approach to this task, to re-use, as far as possible, existing ontologies, classification systems and other semantic resources in order to develop a system that may come to contribute to standards and to the integration, management and reuse of the area specific knowledge via a common knowledge base in order to consolidate and provide access to integrated knowledge, making community emergent knowledge a significant added value. It aims at developing a methodology of common Construction Industry Knowledge (CIK) representation applicable to large sets of SMEs in the construction industry as a basis for the establishment of a knowledge community.

Abstract
This paper presents the socio-technical design of a knowledge community which is part of a system to support an industrial association based collaborative network in the sector of construction industry. There are many explanations around the virtual community concept. Here is presented a fundamental phase of the Know-Construct project which involved the design of the Construction Industry Knowledge (CIK) Community using three analytical approaches. The generic architecture of the supporting system (Knowledge Community Support - KCS) is described, highlighting information and knowledge management, community building facilities and semantic resources management.

Abstract
Recently, the new concept of microgrid (mu G) has been emerging on distribution networks as a way to ease the integration of micro generation in LV networks and increase reliability. A mu G is an association of a low voltage distribution network, small modular generation systems (micro-generators), loads and storage devices having some local coordinated functions. This entity can operate in two different modes: interconnected or emergency. In the first mode, the microgrid is connected with the distribution network, importing or exporting electricity and/or ancillary services. When in emergency mode, the microgrid operates isolated from the distribution network and uses local resources, changing from power control to frequency control and, if necessary, shedding load. A micro grid will only be established if its promoters achieve sufficient advantages that justify the incurred costs, namely the investment, operation and maintenance costs. The main purpose of this paper is to identify all the relevant costs and benefits and build a decision model for the situation, taking into account the regulatory framework, which is essential for the definition of some of the benefits. The paper also shows how to include in the evaluation the risk associated to the uncertainties in data and parameters. An illustrative example is included that shows a possible situation of equilibrium between global costs and benefits.

Abstract
We propose an approach to subgroup discovery using distribution rules (a kind of association rules with a probability distribution on the consequent) for numerical properties of interest. The objective interest of the subgroups is measured through statistical goodness of fit tests. Their subjective interest can be assessed by the data analyst through a visual interactive subgroup browsing procedure.

Abstract
This paper describes a mathematical formulation for the active/reactive dispatch in electricity markets, including a number of issues present in market models used in several countries. Traditional market approaches are implemented considering a sequence of activities namely in terms of active power dispatch and ancillary services. However, these two problems are coupled in the sense that dispatching reactive power is not independent from the active power scheduling of generators. The proposed model admits that it is known the purely economic pool dispatch together with bilateral contracts and then it aims at dispatching reactive resources considering voltage and branch limit constraints and constraints reflecting the alternator capability curve. As a sub-result, this formulation also outputs nodal active and reactive marginal prices that can be useful to build tariff schemes. Finally, the paper includes a case study based on the IEEE 30 bus/41 branch system to illustrate the obtained results and their interest for electricity markets.