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This paper presents a topic map approach to PubMed in order to create a knowledge representation for this information system. PubMed is a free search engine that gives very full coverage of the related biomedical sciences. With more than 17 millions of citations since 1865, PubMed users have several problems to find the papers desired. So, it is necessary to organize these concepts in a semantic network. To achieve this objective, we use the Metamorphosis system, choosing the keywords from MeSH ontology. This way, we obtain an ontological index for PubMed, making easier to find specific papers. Copyright © 2007 Giovani Rubert Librelotto, Henrique Tamiosso Machado, Mirkos Martins, Pedro Gabriel Dias Ferreira, José Carlos Ramalho, and Pedro Rangel Henriques.

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Abstract
Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the lateralizing significance of ictal head movements of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods: We investigated EEG-video recorded seizures of patients with TLE, in which the camera position was perpendicular to the head facing the camera in an upright position and bilateral head movement was recorded. Thirty-eight seizures (31 patients) with head movement in both directions were investigated. Ipsilateral and contralateral head movements were defined according to ictal EEG. Head movements were quantified by selecting the movement of the nose in relation to a defined point on the thorax (25/s) in a defined plane facing the camera. The duration of the head version was determined independently of the camera angle. The angle, duration, and angular speed of the head movements were computed and inter and intrasubject analyses were performed (Wilcoxon rank sum). Results: Ipsilateral movement always preceded contralateral movement. The positive predictive value was 100% for movement in both directions. The duration of contralateral head version was significantly longer than ipsilateral head movement (6.4 +/- 4.1 s vs. 3.9 +/- 3.1 s, p < 0.001). The angular speed of both movements was similar (15.5 +/- 12.1 deg/s vs. 17.3 +/- 13.0 deg/s). Conclusion: The quantitative analysis shows the importance of sequence in the seizure's evolution and duration, but not angular speed for correct lateralization of versive head movement. This quantitative method shows the high lateralizing value of ictal lateral head movements in TLE.

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In this paper we study a heat diffusion system on a fractional calculus perspective. Bearing theses ideas in mind, several fractional PID tuning methodologies are investigated and compared. The simulations demonstrate the good performance of the proposed fractional-order algorithm.

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This work presents a methodology for modelling and simulating aquatic ecological systems and an associated methodology and software for creating Decision Support Systems (DSS) for this kind of environment. Both are based on object oriented programming (OOP) and, in the case of the DSS, on Autonomous Intelligent Agents. The modelling software (EcoDynamo) includes several object dynamic link libraries to simulate different physical and biogeochemical ecosystem processes. These libraries were designed to be possible their linkage with different model shells, for the sake of portability and usability. A high level communication language (ECOLANG) was developed to allow the communication between EcoDynamo and the agents. The DSS uses one methodology of discrete multi-criteria, where given a users preference structure (elicited with the Analytic Hierarchy Process methodology - AHP), a priority ranking of the preprocessed scenarios is achieved. To validate the approach, EcoDynamo was used with the DSS to simulate different management scenarios in a coastal lagoon at the South of Portugal - Ria Formosa. The experiments performed showed that these tools may be widely used by people involved in the management of coastal areas to integrate environmental, economic and social issues in the decision process, without an in-depth knowledge of modelling methodologies.

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Objective: This work presents a novel approach for the automated prediction of the aesthetic result of breast cancer conservative treatment (BCCT). Cosmetic assessment plays a major rote in the study of BCCT. Objective assessment methods are being preferred to overcome the drawbacks of subjective evaluation. Methodology: The problem is addressed as a pattern recognition task. A dataset of images of patients was classified in four classes (excellent, good, fair, poor) by a panel of international experts, providing a gold standard classification. As possible types of objective features we considered those already identified by domain experts as relevant to the aesthetic evaluation of the surgical procedure, namely those assessing breast asymmetry, skin colour difference and scar visibility. A classifier based on support vector machines was developed from objective features extracted from the reference dataset. Results: A correct classification rate of about 70% was obtained when categorizing a set of unseen images into the aforementioned four classes. This accuracy is comparable with the result of the best evaluator from the panel of experts. Conclusion: The results obtained are rather encouraging and the developed tool, could be very helpful in assuring objective assessment of the aesthetic outcome of BCCT.