Abstract
In recent years the concept of eLearning Framework emerged associated with several initiatives promoted by educational organizations. These initiatives share a common goal: to create flexible learning environments by integrating heterogeneous systems already available in many educational institutions. The paper provides an introductory survey on eLearning Frameworks. It gathers information on these initiatives categorizes them and compares their features regarding a set of predefined criteria such as: architecture, business model, primary user groups, technical implementations, adopted standards, maturity and future development.

Abstract
To successfully compete in the market, European SMEs will have to adopt new business models and establish dynamic and non-hierarchical networks, assuring quick response, fast time to market, differentiated offerings and competitive prices. Sustainability will be found in high-variety and low-volume businesses, related with complex products design and manufacturing. This paper presents a Methodology concept, developed by the European project Net-Challenge, supporting SMEs in building and operating non-hierarchical business networks for complex products manufacturing with Engineer-To-Order (ETO) or Assemble-To-Order (ATO) strategies. © 2010 IEEE.

Abstract
This work describes a fibre optic sensing structure that is sensitive to curvature, and features a low temperature- and strain cross-sensitivity. It is based on multimode interference, and relies on a single mode - step index multimode - single mode fibre configuration. It was observed that the transmitted optical power in such layout becomes highly sensitive to the wavelength of operation and to the length of the multimode fibre. The optical spectrum entertains two dominant loss bands, at wavelengths that have similar responses both to temperature and strain, and different responses to curvature. Based on this result, an interrogation approach is proposed that permits substantial sensitivity to curvature (8.7 +/- 0.1 nm.m) and residual sensitivities to temperature and strain (0.3 +/- 0.1 pm/degrees C and -0.06 +/- 0.01 pm/mu epsilon, respectively).

Abstract
We consider the Weight-constrained Minimum Spanning Tree problem (WMST). The WMST aims at finding a minimum spanning tree such that the overall tree weight does not exceed a specified limit on a graph with costs and weights associated with each edge. We present and compare, from the computational point of view, several formulations for the WMST. From preliminary computational results we propose a model that combines a formulation similar to the well known Miller-Tucker-Zemlin formulation with the cut-set inequalities.

Abstract
HAND GRIP STRENGTH IN A SAMPLE Of 11 to 14 Years Old Children Introduction: The determination of hand grip strength is an objective method of evaluation of upper members' integrity. It is also used as a general health indicator. Data about grip strength values in healthy children is useful in the research and diagnosis of diseases that interfere with grip force. The aim of this study was to determine average values of children hand grip strength by age and evaluate its relation with weight and height. Material and Methods: Hand grip strength was measured with the dynamometer Jamar Hydraulic Hand (R) in a convenience sample of 195 children of either gender, with ages between 11 and 14 years old. Results: Statistical significant differences were observed in hand grip strength between genders, being higher in boys. Moderate correlations were found between grip strength and age (R = 0.679, p < 0.001), height (R = 0.691, p < 0.001), and weight (R = 0.620, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study presents values of hand grip strength obtained from a sample of Portuguese children of 11 to 14 years old, which are directly associated with height and weight.

Abstract
The wide acceptance of digital repositories today in the eLearning field raises several interoperability issues. In this paper we present the interoperability features of a service oriented repository of learning objects called crimsonHex. These features are compliant with the existing standards and we propose extensions to the IMS interoperability recommendation, adding new functions, formalizing message interchange and providing also a REST interface. To validate the proposed extensions and its implementation in crimsonHex we developed a repository plugin for Moodle 2.0 that is expected to be included in the next release of this popular learning management system.