Abstract
Energy policies in the European Union (EU) and its 27 member states respond to three main concerns namely energy security, economic development, and environmental sustainability. All the three "Es'' are pursued simultaneously with some slight differences in emphasizing the mutual importance of these, in particular the cost factors. The legislation of the EU (e. g., ETS-Emission Trading Scheme, directives) increasingly guides the member states' energy policies. However, energy policy directions are still made domestically, for example, on the support on renewable energy technologies. In this work, we look into distributed generation (DG), since it has been grown considerable in the past few years and can be used to partially fulfill renewable energy targets. The policy makers have to make decisions about regulation directives, more specifically they have to change the current regulation in order to incentive the increase in DG. However, these decisions have not only economic impacts but also technical impacts that must be accounted for. In this regard, a decision aid tool would help the policy makers in estimating producer economic impacts, as well as power network technical impacts, of various possible regulation directives. Here, we propose an interactive decision aid tool that models the aforementioned impacts and thus, can be used by policy makers to experiment with different regulation directives before deciding on the ones to set.

Abstract

Abstract
Problem statements often resort to superlatives such as in eg. "...the smallest such number", "...the best approximation", "...the longest such list" which lead to specifications made of two parts: one defining a broad class of solutions (the easy part) and the other requesting the optimal such solution (the hard part). This paper introduces a binary relational combinator which mirrors this linguistic structure and exploits its potential for calculating programs by optimization. This applies in particular to specifications written in the form of Galois connections, in which one of the adjoints delivers the optimal solution being sought. The framework encompasses re-factoring of results previously developed by Bird and de Moor for greedy and dynamic programming, in a way which makes them less technically involved and therefore easier to understand and play with. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

Abstract
Wearable health monitoring devices have been widely explored to enable continuous monitoring of physiological vital signals, such as electrocardiogram (ECG). In this work, we investigate the applicability of ECG signals from such wearable devices in human identification. In the 5-subject study we undertook, the proposed method exhibits near-100% recognition rates based on single heartbeats, even with a six-month interval between the training and testing data. This indicates that ECG signals can be used as robust biometrics and as an automatic login solution for such wearable health monitoring devices. © 2011 ACM.

Abstract
The ground state properties of light closed shell nuclei, i.e. 4He, 12C, 16O, 28Si, 32S, 40Ca and 56Ni are studied by using the channel-dependent effective two-body interactions (CDEI's). The CDEI's are generated through the lowest-order constrained variational (LOCV) calculation for asymmetric nuclear matter with the charge-dependent Av18 bare nucleon–nucleon potential. The work is performed on the harmonic oscillator basis, and the local density approximation is applied to create the relative and the center of mass dependent effective two-body potential. Unlike nuclear matter, and similar to our previous calculations with the Reid68 interaction, while the Av18 potential under binds above nuclei up J max = 2 channel, it gives ground state binding energies closer to the experimental data with respect to the ?- Reid68 and the Reid68 potentials. There are not much difference between the results of Av18 interaction with J max = 5, and those of Reid68Day potential which has been define up to J max = 5. The different CDEI's up to J max = 5 are discussed and the results of our calculations are compared with the other theoretical approaches and experimental data. Finally, it is shown that the contributions of higher partial waves (J>2) are not very important and the two-body kinetic energy in J = 1 channel is roughly twice as that of J = 0 which is not the case for the two-body potential energy.

Abstract
This paper presents the architecture that supports the collaborative model ACEM (Advanced Collaborative Educational Model) to assist educators in the collaborative design of learning activities, supported by a high-level graphical tool. ACEM embraces the research areas of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Learning Design (LD). Some facilities are considered in order to implement the online interactions between educators, namely a shared whiteboard and a conversation room. A workflow descriptive model of the educators' teamwork is also introduced.