Abstract
This paper addresses the bidding problem faced by an aggregator of small prosumers, when participating in the day ahead energy market. A two-stage stochastic optimization model is proposed to support the aggregator in the definition of optimal and robust demand and supply bids. Stochastic programing is used to deal with uncertainty of end-users' behavior, outdoor temperature, electricity demand and PV generation. The proposed approach was compared to other benchmark strategy, using a case study of 1000 prosumers from the Iberian market.

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the optical modulation characteristics of a resonant tunnelling diode (RTD) oscillator. This preliminary work on the first RTD-PD oscillators with an optical window available from the iBROW project demonstrate that this device can effectively be used to accomplish amplitude and frequency modulation with light injection.

Abstract
This paper discusses a rectifier inverter composed of two three-leg converters with equal and unequal dc-links voltages connected in series. The operation with equal dc-links voltages divides equally the voltages in each converter. On the other hand, the operation with unequal dc-links voltages increases the number of voltage levels and contributes to reduce harmonic distortion and power losses. Space-vector and level-shifted techniques are discussed. The balance of separated dc sources using redundant voltage vectors is addressed in this paper. A closed-loop controller is used to control the average value of the dc voltages. Simulation results compare power losses and harmonic distortion of three-leg and six-leg topologies. Experimental results are provided to validate the feasibility of the system.

Abstract
This paper presents a teaching/learning experiment running in the laboratorial curricular unit Project I of the 4'h year of the Integrated Master in Industrial Electronics and Computers Engineering at the University of Minho. Project specifications were defined by the three teachers involved in the experience and students were encouraged to look on different solutions for a real-word problem. In a concurrent way, students designed, developed and implemented didactic rigs to control a gantry crane system. The control was performed in open-loop, based on the Posicast feedforward technique, and in closed-loop, using a two-degrees of freedom configuration. The experiment procedure and the project outcomes of two solutions proposed by the students are presented. © 2017 IEEE.

Abstract
In this paper an innovative, hierarchical, four-level optimization framework is proposed to model the optimal participation of Electric Vehicle Aggregators (EVAs) in day-ahead and real-time energy and regulation markets in conjunction with the optimal real-time charging management of the EV fleet. The scope of the framework is to incorporate in an integrated approach all the conjugated optimization tasks that an EVA should follow for cost-efficient and reliable market participation as well as for successful electric vehicles smart charging in real-time that will satisfy the EV owners. The PJM market design is modeled and a case study with 1000 PHEVs, represented by an EVA, is presented for one operating day. In the base case the EVA participates in the regulation market by following the dynamic regulation control signal. The base case is compared with one where the EVA follows the traditional regulation control signal and one where the EV fleet behaves in real-time differently than initially expected. The presentation of the main functionalities of the framework highlight its ability to model and evaluate the performance of the EV charging process in second-by-second time resolution in a market environment.

Abstract