Abstract
Internationalization is a business strategy that normally aims at expanding the business of the firm outside its domestic market. It may also involve the creation of an integrated network of contacts and partners. The aim of this chapter involves a firm that distributes high-end wines and other alcoholic drinks to the domestic market and is seeking to expand its activities abroad. Taking into account the “nostalgia market,” with many Portuguese living throughout Europe, this chapter seeks to analyze how a Portuguese firm seeks to embrace the internationalization strategy of serving these ex-pats, through local retailers, and afterwards the possibility of serving the market abroad using the contacts so far developed. As such, the firm seeks to serve both the ex-pats and the local market alike. The chapter analyzes the Spanish, French, and German market, and it is possible to conclude that France is the market with the higher likelihood of success, economically and culturally.

Abstract
Promoting Heritage is a challenge for all generations. The heritage is a legacy that we inherit from our ancestors and that we should deliver to our decedents. In this sense, the first steep that we should take, after preserve the heritage, is to develop solutions that enable effective and democratic ways to promote it. This promotion starts with the ability that of those who visit this heritage be able to know and enjoy it. Information and Communication Technologies and specifically Pervasive and Mobile Computing represents nowadays a big opportunity to develop innovative solutions capable to inform tourists about heritage and even enable them to experience past realities related to immaterial heritage like ancestral legends, past events and even no longer existing physical patrimony. This paper starts to make a reflection and the evolution the Information and Communication Technologies role on tourism and present a technological architecture to respond to the challenge of promote heritage and inform tourist in their travel experiences. After that, the paper presents also a developed prototype created to the Portuguese City of Mirandela capable to promote its historical and gastronomic heritage and also support the tours of the tourists through its territory. Finally, there are made some remarks about the future growing and directions for technology applied to tourism.

Abstract

Abstract
Car rental companies have the ability and potential to integrate their dynamic pricing decisions with their capacity decisions. Pricing has a significant impact on demand, while capacity, which translates fleet size, acquisition planning and fleet deployment throughout the network, can be used to meet this price-sensitive demand. Dynamic programming has been often used to tackle dynamic pricing problems and also to deal with similar integrated problems, yet with some significant differences as far as the inventory depletion and replenishment are considered. The goal of this work is to understand what makes the car rental problem different and hinders the application of more common methods. To do so, a discrete dynamic programming framework is proposed, with two different approaches to calculate the optimal-value function: one based on a Mixed Integer Non Linear Program (MINLP) and one based on a Constraint Programming (CP) model. These two approaches are analyzed and relevant insights are derived regarding the (in)ability of discrete dynamic programming to effectively tackle this problem within a rental context when realistically sized instances are considered.

Abstract

Abstract
Pollen quality of 15 cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. was studied in this work. Pollen viability was tested by the fluorochromatic reaction and germination was analyzed by in vitro assays, using two different media. Differences among cultivars in the number of pollen apertures were observed under light microscope. All the cultivars studied showed a higher percentage of tricolporated pollen, however, pollen grains containing one, two or four apertures were also observed. The cultivar Loureiro was the one with the higher percentage of pollen grains with four apertures (3.8%) and Touriga Nacional presented 100% of tricolporated pollen grains. The viability analysis showed that 13 cultivars presented values higher than 50%, with 8 cultivars reaching values above 75%. The pollen germination rates vary greatly for the grapevine cultivars studied, three cultivars show low values of germination (under 14%) in the two media tested, which were Touriga Nacional, Cabernet Franc, and Cabernet Sauvignon while others presented high values of germination like Casteldo, Loureiro, Malbec and Petit Verdot. No significant statistical differences between the percentages of germination in the two media studied were found for the majority of cultivars analyzed.