Abstract
Nowadays, collecting complex information regarding a machine status is the enabler for advanced maintenance activities, and one of the main players in this process is the sensor. This paper describes modern maintenance strategies that lead to Proactive Maintenance (PM), which is the most advanced one. The paper discusses the sensors that can be used to support maintenance, as pertaining to different categories, spanning from common off-The-shelf sensors, to specialized sensors monitoring very specific characteristics, and to virtual sensors. The paper proceeds then to detail three different real world examples of project pilots that make use of the described sensors, and draws a comparison between them. In particular, each scenario has got unique characteristics and prefers different families of sensors, but on the other hand provides similar characteristics on other aspects. In fact, the paper concludes with a discussion regarding how each scenario can benefit from PM and from advanced sensing. © 2018 IEEE.

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure the subject's sense of presence while they performed a task (riding a bicycle downhill) in a virtual reality (VR) environment and to compare it by body position (standing vs. sitting) and gender. The sample consisted of 35 subjects (19 male and 16 female) between 17 and 33 years of age. A translated and validated Portuguese version of the lgroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQp) and the Reflexive Motor Acts (RMAs), based on direct observation, were used as metrics. The results showed significant differences between body position at the level of Experienced Realism, Spatial Presence and Overall Sense of Presence. When measuring RMAs, it was demonstrated that people in the sitting position presented a higher frequency. We concluded that body position influences perceptions of credibility, which has an impact on the sense of presence. No differences were identified between the genders.

Abstract

Abstract
Co-generation plants have become mainstream energy production facilities at the demand side owing to their high efficiency and flexibility in operation. During the transition to more integrated energy supply, trading of energy mix will become an important issue, where a retailer is expected to play a more active role. This paper discusses the design of retailer's optimal contract with asymmetric information. Bilateral relationship between retailer and consumers can be described as an information game and is characterized by package contracts based on publicly observable information only. First, a mathematical model for the optimal contract design problem involving two coupled energy markets is established. Then, an equivalent reduced model is obtained by several certified lemmas and theorems. Consumer behaviors behind each reduction step are revealed. Thereafter, the market equilibrium is characterized with a proof of existence, revealing the impact of asymmetric information on the retailer's strategy. An illustrative example with locational marginal price based heat-power market is presented. Case studies confirm the theoretical analysis and show that our model can promote retailer's profit. The impact of several factors, such as the probability and reservation utility level, has been tested, providing fundamental insights into strategic behavior in multi-energy market under asymmetric information.

Abstract
The role of digital technologies for fostering sustainability and efficiency in forest-based supply chains is well acknowledged and motivated several studies in the scope of precision forestry. Sensor technologies can collect relevant data in forest-based supply chains, comprising all activities from within forests and the production of the woody raw material to its transformation into marketable forest-based products. Advanced planning systems can help to support decisions of the various entities in the supply chain, e.g., forest owners, harvest companies, haulage companies, and forest product processing industry. Such tools can help to deal with the complex interdependencies between different entities, often with opposing objectives and actions-which may increase efficiency of forest-based supply chains. This paper analyzes contemporary literature dealing with digital technologies in forest-based supply chains and summarizes the state-of-the-art digital technologies for real-time data collection on forests, product flows, and forest operations, as well as planning systems and other decision support systems in use by supply chain actors. Higher sustainability and efficiency of forest-based supply chains require a seamless information flow to foster integrated planning of the activities over the supply chainthereby facilitating seamless data exchange between the supply chain entities and foster new forms of collaboration. Therefore, this paper deals with data exchange and multi-entity collaboration aspects in combination with interoperability challenges related with the integration among multiple process data collection tools and advanced planning systems. Finally, this interdisciplinary review leads to the discussion of relevant guidelines that can guide future research and integration projects in this domain.

Abstract
This paper describes the implementation of a simulated bioinspired 3D model, which was moved through segmented gestures using fractional calculation segmentation methods. It was observed that for the increase in the detection of such gestures from this segmentation an improvement in the recognition and standardization of gesture images using the FODPSO method would be obtained. We used the AlexNet neural network for training and recognition of the processed gestures, which resulted in a simulated 3D model of a spider moved by gestures recognized through a webcam, which had an accuracy of approximately 98% recognition through the neural network.