Abstract
Residential buildings have become an active market participant in future power grid transactions due to the development of smart grid technologies, particularly smart meters. Keeping this in mind, this paper proposes a two-stage stochastic model including day-ahead and real-time local energy markets with the aim of domestic equipment scheduling, which reflects the uncertain mobility pattern of Electric Vehicle (EV) as well as the variability of micro wind turbine generation. The contribution of EV and battery in providing additional flexibility through bi-directional energy trading has been investigated considering deterministic and stochastic EV mobility patterns. Moreover, the smart home is modeled as a price-taker agent in the local market. Hence, different price-based Demand Response (DR) programs can affect its decisions. On this basis, a comprehensive analysis on the participation of a smart home in various price-based DR strategies is carried out with the aim of determining the most effective DR program from smart home owner point of view. The obtained results reveal that the participation of the smart home in Time-of-Use (ToU) pricing scheme not only reduces the operation cost, but also leads to smart home profitability.

Abstract
Nature inspired metaheuristics algorithms have been the target of several studies in the most varied scientific areas due to their high efficiency in solving real world problems. This is also the case of agriculture. Among the most well-established nature inspired metaheuristics the ones selected to be addressed in this work are the following: genetic algorithms, differential evolution, simulated annealing, harmony search, particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, firefly algorithm and bat algorithm. For each of them, the mechanism that inspired it and a brief description of its operation is presented, followed by a review of their most relevant agricultural applications. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.

Abstract
Archives have well-established description standards, namely the ISAD(G) and ISAAR(CPF) with a hierarchical structure adapted to the nature of archival assets. However, as archives connect to a growing diversity of data, they aim to make their representations more apt to the so-called linked data cloud. The corresponding move from hierarchical, ISAD-conforming descriptions to graph counterparts requires state-of-the-art technologies, data models and vocabularies. Our approach addresses this problem from two perspectives. The first concerns the data model and description vocabularies, as we adopt and build upon the CIDOC-CRM standard. The second is the choice of technologies to support a knowledge graph, including a graph database and an Object Graph Mapping library. The case study is the Portuguese National Archives, Torre do Tombo, and the overall goal is to build a CIDOC-CRM-compliant system for document description and retrieval, to be used by professionals and the public. The early stages described here include the design of the core data model for archival records represented as the ArchOnto ontology and its embodiment in the ArchGraph knowledge graph. The goal of a semantic archival information system will be pursued in the migration of existing records to the richer representation and the development of applications supported on the graph.

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancer in women. Transvaginal ultrasound is used as a screening test to detect the presence of tumors but, for specific types of ovarian tumors, malignancy can only be asserted through surgery. An automatic method to perform the detection and malignancy assessment of these tumours is thus necessary to prevent unnecessary oophorectomies. This work explores the U-Net's architecture and investigates the selection of different hyperparameters for the ovary and the ovarian follicles segmentation. The effect of applying different post-processing methods on beam-formed radio-frequency (BRF) data is also investigated. Results show that models trained only with BRF data have the worst performance. On the other hand, the combination of B-mode with BRF data performs better for ovary segmentation. As for the hyperparameter study, results show that the U-Net with 4 levels is the architecture with the worst performance. This shows that to achieve better performance in the segmentation of ovarian structures, it is important to select an architecture that takes into account the spatial context of the regions of interest. It is also possible to conclude that the method used to analyse BRF data should be designed to take advantage of the fine-resolution of BRF data.

Abstract
Currently, there are more than 30 million amputees in the world and each year thousands of people suffer from amputation and, therefore, the development of lower limb prostheses is crucial to improve the quality of millions of people's lives by restoring their mobility. This contribution proposes a simulated amputee model capable of reproducing a transtibial amputee subject wearing a passive prosthesis. The passive prosthesis behavior is simulated using a spring-damper system between shin and foot. This contribution provides a tool capable of reproducing an amputee subject wearing a passive prosthesis, as well as an adaptive framework where researchers can deploy controllers in the simulated transtibial prosthesis, transforming it in a powered transtibial prosthesis. Results show that the amputee model is good for the simulation of transtibial amputees wearing a passive device or an active transtibial prosthesis.

Abstract
This chapter addresses some of the misconceptions regarding female entrepreneurship and how different notions in different contexts lay the ground for further misalignments in the entrepreneurial process. It also addresses how contextual issues affect social and economic underpinnings in different countries. Stereotypes in traditional and modern societies and the barriers to gender equality results in unequal distribution of resources, which are further reflected on the characteristics of entrepreneurs leading to potential hindrances to female entrepreneurship from contextual issue. The need to recognize the diversity that exists among different contexts and the level of impact on female entrepreneurship is reflected on society. Finally, the chapter offers a tentative outlook for further research into female entrepreneurship through the discussion of contextual issues and conclusions.