Abstract

Abstract
This work proposes a mathematical linear programming model that addresses the food provisioning problem of the food bank of Madrid. It aims to determine the most appropriate weekly decisions to meet the macro-nutritional requirements of the beneficiaries of this social service, by minimizing the total cost considering third-party donations. The model has been applied to a realistic case study considering a sociological structure of beneficiaries categorized by age and gender and representing the first decile of incomes of the Spanish population. The demand of macronutrients is satisfied by means of nine different groups of food, used to provide some level of variability in the consumption patterns of the beneficiaries. The results provide insight on cost-cutting opportunities related to centralizing the decision-making process, indicating a 10% reduction both in provisioning costs and food quantities. This suggests that the proposed model might serve as a tool for designing new strategies for the provisioning or evaluation of economic and social support policies for the food bank of Madrid.

Abstract

Abstract
Software documentation is an important part of the captured knowledge of a software project and documentation patterns have often been used as a systematic way to describe good practices on software documentation. Still, many software teams are challenged by what to document, how to keep the documentation consistent and how to make their consumers aware of the relevant documents. A literature review was done over 14 publications and identified 16 quality attributes and 114 patterns about software documentation. This knowledge was analysed and classified and led to the proposal of new categories and relationships between the existing patterns. These are depicted as a new pattern map that provides a new perspective of documentation patterns and can be used to guide teams in adopting software documentation practices.

Abstract
The extraction of accurate geometric measurements from images normally requires the use of metric cameras and stereoscopic observations. However, as good-quality digital cameras are widely available in mobile devices (smartphones, tablets), there is great interest to develop alternative approaches, suitable for these devices. This paper presents a methodology to compute the surface area and volume of a spheroid-shaped object, such as many types of fruit, from a single image acquired by a standard (non-metric) camera and a basic calibration target. An iterative process is used to establish a 3D spheroid out of the observed 2D ellipse, after which auxiliary images of height, resolution and surface area of each pixel on the 3D object surface are created. The method was tested with a data set of 2400 images, of 10 different objects, 2 calibration targets, 2 cameras and 2 mark types. The average relative errors (< d>) in establishing the 3D object semi-diameters were 0.863% and 0.791%. The semi-diameters are used to compute the object’s surface area (< d> = 1.557%) and volume (< d> = 2.365%). The estimation of the sub-region (mark) surface area over the modelled 3D object resulted in < d> = 2.985%, much lower that what is obtained ignoring the fact that the mark is not on the reference (calibration) plane (< d> = 50.7%), thus proving the effectiveness of the proposed iterative process to model the 3D object (spheroid). © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Abstract
This paper presents an efficient, battery-powered, low-cost, and context-aware IoT edge computing solution tailored for monitoring a real enterprise cooking oil collecting infrastructure. The presented IoT solution allows the collecting enterprise to monitor the amount of oil deposited in specific barrels, deployed country-wide around several partner restaurants. The paper focuses on the specification, implementation, deployment and testing of ESP32/ESP8266-based end-node components deployed as an edge computing monitoring infrastructure. The achieved low-cost solution guarantees more than a year of battery life, reliable data communication, and enables automatic over-the-air end-node updates. The open-source software libraries developed for this project are shared with the community and may be applied in scenarios with similar requirements.