Abstract
The loss of rotational inertia in the future power systems motivate the need to find new technical solutions for this challenge. Many solution have emerged in last years based on power converters with emulation of inertia. In this paper, we explore the concept of distributed virtual inertia (DVI) by investigating a new control method that use the common DC bus capacitors in the DC link of the converter as a buffer of energy to provide an equivalent mechanical inertial response. Using time-domain simulations with a detailed two-stage Photovoltaic (PV) inverter, we observe and discuss the benefits in the grid frequency.

Abstract
Of all the technologies born in the 20th century the software industry is the sole one that has kept a large dependency on human physical effort in order to produce the necessary code for an Information Technology system to perform. This paper analyses that evolution in view of today's state-of-the-art regarding automatic code generation based on model definitions for critical business purposes. The social, financial and technological benefits will be addressed as they are disruptive and will affect different levels of society as we know it. Several testimonies were also sought regarding the technology described herein and how it may affect us in our day-to-day lives. We conclude that the software industry is in the midst of a major revolution - which has arrived late in comparison to other industries related to technology and which have decreased the reliance on human labour some time ago.

Abstract

Abstract
The proposed technique demonstrates a fiber ring resonator interrogated by an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), for intensity sensing. By using this methodology, a cavity round trip time of 2.85 mu s was obtained. For a proof of concept, a long-period grating was inserted in the resonant cavity operating as a curvature sensing device. A novel signal processing approach was outlined, regarding to the logarithmic behavior of the OTDR. Through analyzing the experimental results, an increase in the measured sensitivities was obtained by increasing applied bending. With curvatures performed from 1.8 m(-1) to 4.5 m(-1), the sensitivity values ranged from 2.94 dB center dot km(-1) to 5.15 dB center dot km(-1). In its turn, the sensitivities obtained presented a linear behavior when studied as a function of the applied curvature, following a slope of 0.86x10(-3) dB. The advantages of applying this technique were also discussed, demonstrating two similar fiber rings multiplexed in a series of configurations.

Abstract
With the increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs), there might be substantial problems due to the charging transactions in the power system and the balancing between supply and demand sides can be provided in the modern power system by considering EVs as a flexible load. EVs cannot directly participate in buying and selling energy from/to the electricity market because of their relatively low energy and power capacities. In this manner, considering that EVs are generally parked during the day, an EV parking lot (EVPL) can offer economic charging opportunities to EV owners as multiple EVPLs can offer/bid for the buying/selling from/to the electricity market through an EVPL aggregator (EVPLA). In this study, a model in which the EVPLA offers/bids for the day-ahead (DA) and secondary reserve market in order to minimize the total cost is propounded. Furthermore, uncertainties related to the EV owners' behavior and market prices are handled by considering scenarios with real data in a stochastic manner. In addition, the EVPLA also takes into account the comfort of the EV owners when carrying out this operation. The comfort of EV owners as an essential issue similar to serving EV owners more economically is achieved by sustaining the minimum desired charge level by EV owners at the departure time. The results consist of a set of case studies to reveal the effectiveness of the proposed model considering the pricing conditions in Turkey, Finland, and USA-PJM DA and reserve markets. According to the results of the study, it is observed that an EV aggregator participating in DA and RE markets can make a significant profit for the three market conditions. An important result is also that the profit by the participation in reserve markets increases significantly compared to solely DA market participation.

Abstract
The stability and monitoring of AC microgrids (AC MG) are greatly influenced by gathering sufficient and precise information. Since installing several sensors on AC MGs is costly and increases AC MG ripple, integrating a minimum number of cost-effective sensors is preferred. In this paper, a joint-estimating advanced augmented-Kalman filter (KF) to estimate the current of the AC MG and unknown time-varying loads from the noisy measurement of the AC bus voltage is developed. The proposed approach also provides smooth and noise-less information from the measured voltage. The presented method has less complexity to handle and as a robust approach, it would be capable of dealing with uncertainties due to the load, which can be linear, nonlinear, or unbalanced. The joint-estimating augmented-KF outputs can be then utilized in the monitoring, fault detection, and control design purposes. The developed framework is tested on an AC MG supplying time-varying load and numerical results verify the applicability and accuracy of the developed technique to estimate the load and filter currents.