Abstract
The aim of this paper is to put forward a new model for emotional interaction that uses learning and cognitive styles and student emotional state to adapt the user interface, learning content and context. The model is based on a constructivist approach, assessing the user knowledge and presenting contents and activities adapted to the emotional characteristics, learning and cognitive styles of the student. The intelligent behavior of such platform depends on the existence of a description of the characteristics of the student- the student model. The contents of this model and emotional state of the student are used by a domain and interaction model to select the most appropriate response to student actions. The current work aimed to near the gap between a student and his learning platform in order to improve efficiency of the learning process, this lead to propose a new approach for an adaptive learning system. This model will try to capture the emotional state of the student and together with his learning style and cognitive profile, will adapt the learning context to the learning requirements of the student. Our research is based on the principal that emotion can influence several aspects of our lives. Emotion affects the decision process and knowledge acquisition of an individual. Therefore, they directly influence our perception, learning process, the way we communicate, and the way we make rational decisions. Our research goal is to see that if a learning platform that take into account the emotional profile of a student can produce better learning results, than a learning platform with no emotional interaction. A prototype was developed to test our assumption. This prototype takes into account the student's personality, learning style and the emotional profile.

Abstract
This paper describes the application of the clonal selection algorithm to the reconfiguration problem of distribution networks considering non-uniform demand levels. The Clonal Algorithm, CLONALG, is a combinatorial optimization technique inspired in the immunologic bio system and it aims at reproducing the main properties and functions of this system. The reconfiguration problem of distribution networks with non-uniform demand levels is a complex problem that aims at identifying the most adequate radial topology of the network that complies with all technical constraints in every demand level while minimizing the cost of active losses along an extended operation period. This work includes results of the application of the Clonal algorithm to distribution systems with 33, 84 and 136 buses. These results demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach.

Abstract
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically test a model to examine service quality, satisfaction, trust and commitment as loyalty antecedents in a private healthcare service. Design/methodology/approach - The approach was tested using structural equation modelling, involving 175 patients from a private Portuguese healthcare unit, using a revised Service Quality Assessment Scale (SQAS) scale for service quality evaluation. Findings - The scale used to evaluate service quality is valid and meaningful. Service quality proved to be a multidimensional construct and relevant to build satisfaction. The path satisfaction -> trust -> loyalty was validated, whereas the path satisfaction -> commitment -> loyalty was not statistically supported. Research limitations/implications - The revised SQAS scale showed good internal consistency in healthcare context. Further trust-commitment antecedents must be examined in a private healthcare landscape to generalise the findings. Practical implications - Healthcare quality managers must explore the service quality dimensions to generate satisfaction among their patients. Developing trust generates positive patient attitudes and loyalty. Originality/value - This study explores using the SQAS scale in a private healthcare context. The authors provide further evidence that service quality is an antecedent and different from satisfaction. All the measures used proved to be valid and reliable. Trust and commitment play different roles in their relationship with loyalty.

Abstract
In the present study, we have determined the intrinsic refractive index of anodic aluminium oxide, which is originated by the formation of nanoporous alumina templates. Different templates have been fabricated by the conventional two-step anodization procedure in oxalic acid. Their porosities were modified by chemical wet etching allowing the tuning of their effective refractive indexes (air-filled nanopores + anodic aluminium oxide). By standard spectroscopic light transmission measurements, the effective refractive index for each different template was extracted in the VIS-NIR region. The determination of the intrinsic anodic aluminium oxide refractive index was performed by using the Maxwell-Garnett homogenization theory. The results are coincident for all the fabricated samples. The obtained refractive index (similar to 1.55) is quite lower (similar to 22%) than the commonly used Al2O3 handbook value (similar to 1.75), showing that the amorphous nature of the anodic oxide structure strongly conditions its optical properties. This difference is critical for the correct design and modeling of optical plasmonic metamaterials based on anodic aluminium oxide nanoporous templates.

Abstract
Over the past years, inverse perspective mapping has been successfully applied to several problems in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems. In brief, the method consists of mapping images to a new coordinate system where perspective effects are removed. The removal of perspective associated effects facilitates road and obstacle detection and also assists in free space estimation. There is, however, a significant limitation in the inverse perspective mapping: the presence of obstacles on the road disrupts the effectiveness of the mapping. The current paper proposes a robust solution based on the use of multimodal sensor fusion. Data from a laser range finder is fused with images from the cameras, so that the mapping is not computed in the regions where obstacles are present. As shown in the results, this considerably improves the effectiveness of the algorithm and reduces computation time when compared with the classical inverse perspective mapping. Furthermore, the proposed approach is also able to cope with several cameras with different lenses or image resolutions, as well as dynamic viewpoints.

Abstract
Temporal information retrieval has been a topic of great interest in recent years. Its purpose is to improve the effectiveness of information retrieval methods by exploiting temporal information in documents and queries. In this article, we present a survey of the existing literature on temporal information retrieval. In addition to giving an overview of the field, we categorize the relevant research, describe the main contributions, and compare different approaches. We organize existing research to provide a coherent view, discuss several open issues, and point out some possible future research directions in this area. Despite significant advances, the area lacks a systematic arrangement of prior efforts and an overview of state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, an effective end-to-end temporal retrieval system that exploits temporal information to improve the quality of the presented results remains undeveloped.