Abstract

Abstract
The emergence of the so-called “European Paradox” shows that increasing Governmental R&D Investment is far from being a ‘panacea’ for stagnant growth. It is worth noting that Governmental R&D Investment does not have a statistically significant impact on employment, indicating the need to assess the trade-offs of policies that could lead to significant increases in government expenditure. Surprisingly, Governmental R&D Employment does not contribute to ‘mass-market’ employment, despite its quite important role in reducing Youth-Unemployment. Despite the negative side-effects of Governmental R&D Employment on both GVA and GDP, University R&D Employment appears to have a quite important role in reducing Unemployment, especially Youth-Unemployment, while it also does not have a downside in terms of economic growth. Technological Capacity enhancement is the most effective instrument for reducing Unemployment and is a policy without any downside regarding sustainable economic development. © Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Facultad de Economía y Negocios.

Abstract
Developments in advanced autonomous production resources have increased the interest in the Single-Machine Scheduling Problem (SMSP). Until now, researchers used SMSP with little to no practical application in industry, but with the introduction of multi-purpose machines, able of executing an entire task, such as 3D Printers, replacing extensive production chains, single-machine problems are becoming a central point of interest in real-world scheduling. In this paper we study how simple, easy to implement, Just-in-Time (JIT) based, constructive heuristics, can be used to optimize customer and enterprise oriented performance measures. Customer oriented performance measures are mainly related to the accomplishment of due dates while enterprise-oriented ones typically consider other time-oriented measures. © 2015 AISTI.

Abstract
In this paper, all-optical logic functions, implemented with a single SOA-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI), are demonstrated experimentally and through numerical simulations. The proposed optical configuration is capable to carry out four logic operations, using simultaneously both output ports of the SOA-MZI. This may reduce the power cost and make possible to obtain simultaneously multi logic functions. The performance of such an architecture is assessed measuring the obtained extinction ratio (ER) for each Boolean function. The potential of integration makes the proposed scheme attractive to perform optical signal processing operations in next generation photonic transmission systems.

Abstract
In this paper, the gas dynamics within the pipelines is modelled as a repetitive process with smoothing. Controllability and observability criteria when the system is steered through initial and boundary data, which is achieved by an adequate choice of the homogeneity, are obtained. From the point of view of the technical applications, it seems to make more sense to consider boundary data controls as for instance in the management of high pressure gas networks. Stability criteria suitable computer simulations are also included.

Abstract
This paper deals with a very common problem in the home-textile industry. Given a set of orders of small rectangles of fabric the problem consists of determining the lengths and widths of a set of large rectangles of fabric to be produced and the corresponding cutting patterns. The objective is to minimize the total quantity of fabric necessary to satisfy all orders. The approach proposed uses a biased random-key genetic algorithm for generating sets of cutting patterns which are the input to a sequential heuristic procedure which generates a solution. Experimental tests based on a set of 100 random generated problems with known optimal solution validate quality of the approach.