Abstract
Early diagnosis of lung cancer via computed tomography can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with the pathology. However, searching lung nodules is a high complexity task, which affects the success of screening programs. Whilst computer-aided detection systems can be used as second observers, they may bias radiologists and introduce significant time overheads. With this in mind, this study assesses the potential of using gaze information for integrating automatic detection systems in the clinical practice. For that purpose, 4 radiologists were asked to annotate 20 scans from a public dataset while being monitored by an eye tracker device, and an automatic lung nodule detection system was developed. Our results show that radiologists follow a similar search routine and tend to have lower fixation periods in regions where finding errors occur. The overall detection sensitivity of the specialists was 0.67 +/- 0.07, whereas the system achieved 0.69. Combining the annotations of one radiologist with the automatic system significantly improves the detection performance to similar levels of two annotators. Filtering automatic detection candidates only for low fixation regions still significantly improves the detection sensitivity without increasing the number of false-positives.

Abstract
This paper proposes a near to real-time local market to provide reactive power to the transmission system operator (TSO), using the resources connected to a distribution grid managed by a distribution system operator (DSO). The TSO publishes a requested reactive power profile at the TSO-DSO interface for each time-interval of the next delivery period, so that market agents (managing resources of the distribution grid) can prepare and send their bids accordingly. DSO resources are the first to be mobilized, and the remaining residual reactive power is supplied by the reactive power flexibility offered in the local reactive market. Complex bids (with non-curtailability conditions) are supported to provide flexible ways of bidding fewer flexible assets (such as capacitor banks). An alternating current (AC) optimal power flow (OPF) is used to clear the bids by maximizing the social welfare to supply the TSO required reactive power profile, subject to the DSO grid constraints. A rolling window mechanism allows a continuous dispatching of reactive power, and the possibility of adapting assigned schedules to real time constraints. A simplified TSO-DSO cost assignment of the flexible reactive power used is proposed to share for settlement purposes.

Abstract
In this paper, we aimed at exploring the use of iconographic navigation to support inclusive and accessible search for Web content through an extension for Google Chrome browser, entitled Extension Icon. Despite Extension Icon was developed to be a solution that allows people with intellectual disabilities to search autonomously using an iconographic navigation, supported by platforms as Vimeo and YouTube, it intends to be an accessible solution for ALL users. Through participatory design, the solution was iteratively developed and with the outcomes it was obtained two versions of this solution. Therefore, in this paper we described the design, implementation and assessment of two Extension Icon versions. Specifically, twenty-eight participants were invited - 18 people with intellectual disabilities and 10 people without of disability - in order to evaluate and participated in the iterative development of the solution. The user preliminary feedbacks showed a major concern regarding the graphical interface therefore it was redesigned to improve and present a more appealing interface. Overall, user tests carried out with the two versions showed and effective, efficient and satisfactory user interaction. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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This paper extends previous work on the concept of a new software energy metric: Energy Debt. This metric is a reflection on the implied cost, in terms of energy consumption over time, of choosing an energy flawed software implementation over a more robust and efficient, yet time consuming, approach. This paper presents the implementation a SonarQube tool called E-Debitum which calculates the energy debt of Android applications throughout their versions. This plugin uses a robust, well defined, and extendable smell catalog based on current green software literature, with each smell defining the potential energy savings. To conclude, an experimental validation of E-Debitum was executed on 3 popular Android applications with various releases, showing how their energy debt fluctuated throughout releases.

Abstract