Abstract
Web accessibility features on websites are designed for individuals with disabilities that include low vision and cognitive impairments, but such features can benefit everyone. This study investigates the impact of accessibility features of the web on ambient/focal visual attention and cognitive processing in individuals without disabilities. The study involved 20 participants reading news websites with different levels of low vision and cognitive-related accessibility features while their eye movements and heart rate variability were monitored. The findings show that cognitive engagement declined over time when no accessibility enhancements were present. The study also demonstrates that enhancing cognitive accessibility leads to increased user cognitive engagement, while low vision accessibility features make websites easier to read. These findings are corroborated by self-reports and psychophysiological measures, such as eye-tracking metrics and heart rate variability. The effects from these psychophysiological measures, together with participants' self-reports, support the benefits of enhancing web accessibility features for all users. The implications for future website design are also discussed.

Abstract
This present study examines the accessibility of European universities for students with disabilities, drawing on two data sources. The first data source, a desk research, examined publicly available information on the websites of 171 universities from 38 European countries. In this desk research, we performed an audit of university websites and analysed the availability of accessibility services. The second data source, an online survey was distributed to accessibility/diversity offices at 124 universities, with full responses received from seven institutions in various European countries. The study reveals a significant disparity in accessibility resources and support services across European regions. Universities in Northern Europe, the UK, and Ireland exhibit a higher level of accessibility, both in terms of website accessibility and the availability of comprehensive support services. In contrast, universities in Eastern and Southern Europe often lag behind, with less visible accessibility information on websites, limited resources for accessibility offices, and fewer assistive technologies available to students. The most common accessibility issues identified on university websites are ambiguous labels, insufficient colour contrast, and poorly structured navigation. These issues can pose significant challenges for students with visual impairments, cognitive disabilities, and other accessibility needs. The study highlights the need for increased investment in accessibility resources and support services across all European universities, particularly in under-resourced institutions and regions. It underscores the importance of ensuring that all students, regardless of disability, have equal access to education and opportunities.

Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) offers immersive experiences through advanced interaction mechanisms and rich sensory stimuli but is often inaccessible to blind people due to its over-reliance on visual feedback. While prior work has investigated specific aspects of VR accessibility, there is little knowledge on how to design full, feature-rich VR experiences accessible to blind people. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a VR Boxing experience, developed through participatory design with an ex-professional boxer who is now blind. A user study with 15 blind participants explored their perceptions of the three-mode experience developed - Heavy Bag Training, Coach Training, and Combat - to inform the design of accessible VR experiences. Our findings highlight the importance of combining natural movement, rich auditory feedback, and well-timed guidance that also fosters user independence. Furthermore, they demonstrate the value of structured progression in complexity, while also opening opportunities for engaging spatial awareness and coordination training.

Abstract
Ensuring digital resources are accessible to all users, including those with disabilities, is critical in today's digital landscape. The growing volume of online content has intensified the need for automated accessibility evaluations to ensure compliance with accessibility guidelines. Yet, existing automated tools are limited in scope, being unable to identify many types of accessibility barriers. Recent advances in AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), offer opportunities to expand the range of automated accessibility checks. This work explores the ability of LLMs to detect accessibility barriers related to web page headings. We developed targeted prompts to help LLMs identify them and evaluated the effectiveness of three models - Llama 3.1, GPT-4o, and GPT-4o mini - in multiple versions of a reference webpage, each featuring different heading-related barriers. Findings reveal that model performance depends on barrier type: Llama 3.1 stands out at detecting structural issues like heading appropriateness and hierarchy, GPT-4o is better at identifying accessible names and semantic substitutions, while GPT-4o mini is the most versatile, handling complex structural modifications and labelling. This study highlights LLM's potential in advancing web accessibility evaluation and bridging gaps in automated assessments.

Abstract
This study aims to explore the complexities of digital accessibility, focusing on the essential tasks of evaluating and monitoring the accessibility of digital content. It seeks to identify the main challenges encountered by practitioners on the field and to reveal best practices and research opportunities for enhancing digital accessibility. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines an online survey and in-depth interviews, gathering insights from 27 practitioners across 16 countries. The findings underscore substantial gaps in education and professional training within accessibility. Challenges identified include ensuring technical compliance while addressing user needs, limitations of current automated tools, especially for mobile accessibility, and the disparity between formal compliance and user-centric accessibility. The study highlights best practices such as comprehensive training, effective project management, and innovative testing strategies. This research underscores the need for refined evaluation methodologies and a deeper understanding of accessibility principles among stakeholders. It advocates for collaborative efforts to address the nuanced challenges of making digital spaces universally accessible. Future research should leverage emerging technologies, particularly Artificial Intelligence, to enhance accessibility evaluations and bridge the gap between technical compliance and user experience.

Abstract
The digitalisation of the public sphere is an ongoing process accelerated by the ubiquitousness of the internet. For the over a billion people estimated to live with an impairment, this digitalisation comes with barriers that can represent an altogether exclusion from the digital realm, hindering their full participation in society. This context should compel stakeholders involved in the development of digital products to consider accessibility as an essential requirement. However, that may not always be the case. This work is the product of a scoping literature review guided by the overarching topic of accessibility in the context of the web. After arguing that disability as a phenomenon might be more prevalent than one would think, it frames web accessibility as a human right that benefits all individuals, while also having important dimensions that businesses would regret ignoring.