Abstract

Abstract
A two-level data transformation consists of a type-level transformation of a data format coupled with value level transformations of data instances corresponding to that format. We have implemented a system for performing two-level transformations on XML schemas and their corresponding documents, and on SQL schemas and the databases that they describe. The core of the system consists of a combinator library for composing type-changing rewrite rules that preserve structural information and referential constraints. We discuss the implementation of the system's core library, and of its SQL and XML front-ends in the functional language Haskell. We show how the system can be used to tackle various two-level transformation scenarios, such as XML schema evolution coupled with document migration, and hierarchical-relational data mappings that convert between XML documents and SQL databases.

Abstract
Many music works produced in the past still exist only as original manuscripts or as photocopies. Preserving them entails their digitalization and consequent accessibility in a digital format easy-to-manage. The manual process to carry out this task is very time consuming and error prone. Optical music recognition (OMR) is a form of structured document image analysis where music symbols are isolated and identified so that the music can be conveniently processed. While OMR systems perform well on printed scores, current methods for reading handwritten musical scores by computers remain far from ideal. One of the fundamental stages of this process is the staff line detection. In this paper a new method for the automatic detection of music stave lines based on a shortest path approach is presented. Lines with some curvature, discontinuities, and inclination are robustly detected. The proposed algorithm behaves favourably when compared experimentally with well-established algorithms.

Abstract
Good design and implementation are necessary but not sufficient pre-requisites for the successful reuse of object-oriented frameworks. Although not always recognized, good documentation is crucial for effective framework reuse and comes with many issues. Defining and writing good quality documentation for a framework is often hard, costly, and tiresome, especially when not aware of its key problems and the best ways to address them. This document presents patterns from a set of related patterns that describe proven solutions to recurrent problems of documenting object-oriented frameworks. The pattern language they all form together aims at helping non-experts on cost-effectively documenting object-oriented frameworks. The patterns here presented address the problems of explaining how to use a framework and illustrating what it can be good for, respectively the patterns "COOKBOOK & RECIPES" and "GRADED EXAMPLES".

Abstract
Good design and implementation are necessary but not sufficient pre-requisites for the successful reuse of object-oriented frameworks. Although not always recognized, good documentation is crucial for effective framework reuse but comes with many issues. Writing good quality documentation for a framework is often hard, costly, and tiresome, especially when not aware of its key problems and the best ways to address them. This document presents two of a set of related patterns that describe proven solutions to help non-experts on solving recurrent problems of documenting object-oriented frameworks. The patterns here presented address the problems of describing the customization points of the framework and how such customization is supported, respectively the patterns Customization Points and Design Internals. Copyright 2006 ACM.

Abstract
The Drag-And-Dock design pattern provides a structured solution for designing graphical software applications with multiple content views that end users can freely arrange following a dragging and docking interaction approach. Copyright 2006 ACM.