Abstract
In this paper the existing technical barriers that prevent the accomplishment of a very high wind generation penetration in a power system are presented. Since several countries and regions in Europe are already experiencing such high wind penetration or, as a minimum, planning their grids and operation strategies to cope with wind penetration from a high to a very high level, the solutions already identified for the most common constraints are also identified.

Abstract
This paper presents a formulation for an Optimal Power Flow problem that includes the DFIG wind generator reactive power characteristics in order to obtain set points that consider wind turbines loading capabilities. This approach can be adopted at the wind park control level to define the active and reactive set points following requests from the wind park dispatch centers.

Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of large wind power integration and its impact on damping of the electromechnnical modes of oscillation. The viability of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) supplying additional damping is discussed and power system stabilizers (PSS) installed in DFIG wind power generators are simultaneously tuned to increase damping levels of a multimachine system.

Abstract
This paper describes technical solutions to be adopted by Electric Vehicles (EV) battery grid interfaces, in order to get the provision of ancillary services to the grid. The developed solution exploits an EV battery charge control approach based in a grid cooperative response to frequency and/or voltage deviations. To be effective, those cooperative actions must result from both centralized/coordinated commands and local/individual EV charger response to the grid behaviour. In a scenario characterized by a massive deployment of EV, the adoption of such a solution allows an improvement on the power system dynamic behaviour, namely in small island grids. ©2010 IEEE.

Abstract
The Smart Vehicle-to-Grid Project at INESC TEC is currently studying the application of matrix converters to implement an isolated bidirectional AC-DC power converter using a single power conversion stage to provide a high-frequency link between the grid and vehicle. The single-stage structure and bidirectional power flow make the matrix converter an attractive solution for the charging applications of electric vehicles. A very brief overview of the matrix converter and its modulation strategy is presented, followed by detailed analysis. The power conversion system performance is investigated in terms of the switching commutation, input filter and input power factor. Simulations and experimental results of a prototype are also presented to further validate the proposed topology and operating principle.

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a dynamic behaviour analysis study developed with the objective of quantifying the amount of wind power that can he safely, integrated in an isolated electricity grid where Electric Vehicles (EVs) are present. The assessment was performed considering two distinct situations: a) when EVs are only, in charging mode and b) when EVs participate in primary frequency, control. The test system, a small island, contains, in addition to wind generation, a small amount of solar PV plants and four conventional diesel generators. Only wind power influence in system's frequency, was assessed since, from a dynamic perspective, this is the renewable resource whose high intermittency level might be more harmful for the electric system operation. Sudden wind variations were simulated and, for both situations, a) and b), the amount of Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources was maximized, keeping always the grid frequency, within the limits defined by: the power quality standards.