Abstract
A methodology for estimating the destination of passenger journeys from automated fare collection (AFC) system data is described. It proposes new spatial validation features to increase the accuracy of destination inference results and to verify key assumptions present in previous origin-destination estimation literature. The methodology applies to entry-only system configurations combined with distance-based fare structures, and it aims to enhance raw AFC system data with the destination of individual journeys. This paper describes an algorithm developed to implement the methodology and the results from its application to bus service data from Porto. The data relate to an AFC system integrated with an automatic vehicle location system that records a transaction for each passenger boarding a bus, containing attributes regarding the route, the vehicle, and the travel card used, along with the time and the location where the journey began. Some of these are recorded for the purpose of allowing onboard ticket inspection but additionally enable innovative spatial validation features introduced by the methodology. The results led to the conclusion that the methodology is effective for estimating journey destinations at the disaggregate level and identifies false positives reliably.

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to develop a robust methodology to assess municipalities' performance concerning the consumption of resources in residential buildings. The assessment is carried out at a municipal level to inform decision makers about the relative position of their municipalities compared to others. In addition, the factors associated to better levels of municipal performance are identified, and the extent of their effects is quantified. The study uses an enhanced stochastic frontier panel model based on data of energy, water and materials consumption in Lisbon municipalities during the period 2003-2009. The study reveals that the municipalities' performance has remained stable over the years, although there are considerable differences in performance among municipalities. In addition, it is concluded that municipal performance tends to improve with the environmental policy expenditure and scale size, and decline with buildings' age, population density and the proportion of buildings with private ownership.

Abstract
The concept of Temporary User-Centred Networks (TUNs) for transport systems is introduced. Affinity in these networks is defined as the time-specific degree of equivalence between travel patterns of users in the system. TUNs reveal latent social structures typically invisible to their users, enabling circumstantial collaboration opportunities amongst them. To make TUNs explicit we quantify affinity as a combination of two measures: journey similarity and journey substitutability. In the urban public transport domain, TUNs enable the diffusion of knowledge across the system in real-time. This can assist passengers adjusting travel decisions to their preferences and objectives according to service status. An enriched Automated Fare Collection (AFC) system dataset is used to demonstrate the market potential of TUNs in the urban public transport domain.

Abstract
The alignment of the information technology implementation with the ever-changing business strategies in an enterprise drives modernization of the legacy system. However, the existing modernization contexts have not adequately addressed the focus of customer experience and service-orientation within the SaaS system development. This paper investigates the modernization process of legacy system into SaaS system using services concept through multidisciplinary approach. Several best practices are discussed to propose the Service-Oriented Modernization Framework (SOMF) which involves the maturity model for evolution roadmap identification, the service-oriented SaaS reference architecture, and the User-Centered Service-Oriented Software Reengineering (UCSOSR) methodology. An industrial case study is demonstrated by applying the framework to develop the public transport document generator as a service. The modernization process described in the framework provides a comprehensive and systematic guideline in developing a scalable system. In conclusion, this research, by integrating service analysis and design with SOA towards the SaaS modernization, enables the creation of an agile business model to achieve competitive advantages.

Abstract
This study analyses how drivers of PSS enable supplier companies to adoption integrated solutions in B2B relationships. Two case studies were performed in two large supplier companies that operate in different segments, which represents a significant Brazilian market share. The findings show that this adopted PSS strategies enable the two companies to operate their customer's systems and to price their offerings according to the established performance. The strategies adopted by the companies provide a more rigorous knowledge about the products and services, attention to promoting the buyers' support over the life cycle and promote the relationships with buyers. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Abstract
Technology has taken its toll on human life and is present everywhere. Within the context of smart cities projects, there is a need to see how social relationship can be translated to objects and a new paradigm - the Social Internet of Things tries to address this transition. This research aims to develop a new approach for the product service systems design in the context of the social internet of things, with a case study of the development of a new smart social bike service. The research uses the design thinking approach to integrate concept of product service system into the multi-level service design. New service concepts are proposed and an architecture is designed for the operationalization of the service based on the Social Internet of Things paradigm. This research aims to show how service design methods can be applied in the context of product service systems and social internet of things.