Abstract
Global economy is driving manufacturing companies into a paradigm revolution. Highly customizable products at lower prices and with higher quality are among the most imposed influence factors. To respond properly to these external and internal constraints, such as work absence and machine failures, companies must be in a constant adaptation phase. Several manufacturing control architectures have been proposed throughout the years displaying more or less success to adapt into different manufacturing situations. These architectures follow different design paradigms but recently the decentralization and distribution of the processing power into a set of cooperating and collaborative entities is becoming the trend. Despite of the effort spent, there is still the need to empower those architectures with evolutionary capabilities and self-organization mechanisms to enable the constant adaption to disturbances. This paper presents a behavioural mechanism embed in the ADACOR2 holons. A validation procedure for this mechanism is also presented and results extracted. This validation is achieved through the use of a benchmark and results are compared with classical hierarchical and heterarchical architectures as also with the ADACOR. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

Abstract
On the verge of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), companies will need, sooner or later, to adapt their systems in order to follow the emergent visions of Industrie 4.0 and Industrial Internet demanding the digitalization of their processes, preventing the losing of their competiveness levels. The engineering of such innovative manufacturing control systems assumes a crucial challenge without which becomes hard to convince researchers and, primarily, practitioners of the proposed architecture potentials. This paper describes the engineering aspects of deploying an ADACOR (ADAptive holonic COntrol aRchitecture for distributed manufacturing systems) based CPS for a real small-scale production system. Since the solution is using agent technology, a special attention is devoted to the interface from the agent control layer to the physical resources using the industrially adopted OPC-UA (OPC Unified Architecture). At the end, some lessons learned in engineering this CPS are drawn.

Abstract
Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are expected to shape the evolution of production towards the fourth industrial revolution named Industry 4.0. The increasing integration of manufacturing processes and the strengthening of the autonomous capabilities of manufacturing systems make investigating the role of humans a primary research objective in view of emerging social and demographic megatrends. Understanding how the employees can be better integrated to enable increased flexibility in manufacturing systems is a prerequisite to allow technological solutions, as well as humans, to harness their full potential. Humans can supervise and adjust the settings, be a source of knowledge and competences, can diagnose situations, take decisions and several other activities influencing manufacturing performances, overall providing additional degrees of freedom to the systems. This paper, studies two different integration models: Human-in-the-Loop and Human-in-the-Mesh. They are both analysed in the context of four industrial cases of deployment of cyber physical systems in production.

Abstract
With the emergence of the Industry 4.0 concept, or the fourth industrial revolution, the industry is bearing witness to the appearance of more and more complex systems, often requiring the integration of various new heterogeneous, modular and intelligent elements with pre-existing legacy devices. This challenge of interoperability is one of the main concerns taken into account when designing such systems-of-systems, commonly requiring the use of standard interfaces to ensure this seamless integration. To aid in tackling this challenge, a common format for data exchange should be adopted. Thus, a study to select the foundations for the development of such a format is hereby presented, taking into account the specific needs of four different use cases representing varied key European industry sectors.

Abstract
Cyber-physical systems are a network of integrated computational decisional components and physical elements. The integration of computational decisional components with the heterogeneous physical automation systems and devices is not transparent and constitutes a critical challenge for the success of this approach. The objective of the paper is to describe an approach to establish standard interfaces based on the use of the ISO 9506 Manufacturing Message Specification international standard. The proposed approach is exemplified by the construction of a robotic cyber-physical production component that is plug-in in a cyber-physical system for a small-scale production system based on Fischertechnik systems.

Abstract
This paper proposes the impact assessment of the workers in the optimal time of operations in a Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem. In this work, a real enterprise was studied. The problem consists in finding the workers operations schedule, taking into account the precedence constraints. The main objective is to minimize the finish time of the last task completed in the schedule. The genetic algorithm was used to solve the optimization problem and some numerical results are presented.