Abstract
A unique dataset of marine atmospheric electric field observations over the Atlantic Ocean is described. The data are relevant not only for atmospheric electricity studies, but more generally for studies of the Earth's atmosphere and climate variability, as well as space-Earth interaction studies. In addition to the atmospheric electric field data, the dataset includes simultaneous measurements of other atmospheric variables, including gamma radiation, visibility, and solar radiation. These ancillary observations not only support interpretation and understanding of the atmospheric electric field data, but also are of interest in themselves. The entire framework from data collection to final derived datasets has been duly documented to ensure traceability and reproducibility of the whole data curation chain. All the data, from raw measurements to final datasets, are preserved in data repositories with a corresponding assigned DOI. Final datasets are available from the Figshare repository (https://figshare.com/projects/SAIL_Data/178500, ), and computational notebooks containing the code used at every step of the data curation chain are available from the Zenodo repository (https://zenodo.org/communities/sail, Project SAIL community, 2025).

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract
Radon (Rn-222) is a unique atmospheric tracer, since it is an inert gaseous radionuclide with a predominantly terrestrial source and a short half-life (3.8232 (8) d), enabling quantification of the relative degree of recent (< 21 d) terrestrial influences on marine air masses. High quality measurements of atmospheric radon activity concentration in remote oceanic locations enable the most accurate identification of baseline conditions. Observations of GHGs under baseline conditions, representative of hemispheric background values, are essential to characterise long-term changes in hemispheric-mean GHG concentrations, differentiate between natural and anthropogenic GHG sources, and improve understanding of the global carbon budget.The EU-funded project NuClim (Nuclear observations to improve Climate research and GHG emission estimates) will establish world-leading high-quality atmospheric measurements of radon activity concentration and of selected GHG concentrations (CO2, and CH4) at a remote oceanic location, the Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) facility, managed by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) programme (Office of Science from the U.S. Department of Energy), located on Graciosa Island (Azores archipelago), near the middle of the north Atlantic Ocean. These observations will provide an accurate, time-varying atmospheric baseline reference for European greenhouse gas (GHG) levels, enabling a clearer distinction between anthropogenic emissions and slowly changing background levels. NuClim will also enhance measurement of atmospheric radon activity concentration at the Mace Head Station, allowing the identification of latitudinal gradients in baseline atmospheric composition, and supporting the evaluation of the performance of GHG mitigation measures for countries in the northern hemisphere.The high-quality nuclear and GHG observations from NuClim, and the resulting classification of terrestrial influences on marine air masses, will assist diverse climate and environmental studies, including the study of pollution events, characterisation of marine boundary layer clouds and aerosols, and exploration of the impact of natural planktonic communities on GHG emissions. This poster presents an overview of NuClim, outlines the project objectives and methodologies, and summarises the relevant data products that will be made available to the climate community.Project NuClim received funding from the EURATOM research and training program 2023-2025 under Grant Agreement No 101166515.

Abstract
Project NuClim (Nuclear observations to improve Climate research and GHG emission estimates) aims to use high-quality measurements of atmospheric radon activity concentration and ambient radioactivity to advance climate science and improve radiation protection and nuclear surveillance capabilities. It is supported by new metrological capabilities developed in the EMPIR project 19ENV01 traceRadon. This work reviews the scientific objectives of project NuClim in terms of both climate science and radiological protection, and provides an overview of the NuClim field campaign and the various nuclear measurements being implemented within the scope of the project. © S. Barbosa et al., Published by EDP Sciences, 2025.

Abstract