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Publicações

Publicações por Luís Moreira Matias

2016

An online learning approach to eliminate Bus Bunching in real-time

Autores
Moreira Matias, L; Cats, O; Gama, J; Mendes Moreira, J; de Sousa, JF;

Publicação
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING

Abstract
Recent advances in telecommunications created new opportunities for monitoring public transport operations in real-time. This paper presents an automatic control framework to mitigate the Bus Bunching phenomenon in real-time. The framework depicts a powerful combination of distinct Machine Learning principles and methods to extract valuable information from raw location-based data. State-of-the-art tools and methodologies such as Regression Analysis, Probabilistic Reasoning and Perceptron's learning with Stochastic Gradient Descent constitute building blocks of this predictive methodology. The prediction's output is then used to select and deploy a corrective action to automatically prevent Bus Bunching. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using data collected from 18 bus routes in Porto, Portugal over a period of one year. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can potentially reduce bunching by 68% and decrease average passenger waiting times by 4.5%, without prolonging in-vehicle times. The proposed system could be embedded in a decision support system to improve control room operations. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.

2016

Concept Neurons - Handling Drift Issues for Real-Time Industrial Data Mining

Autores
Moreira Matias, L; Gama, J; Mendes Moreira, J;

Publicação
MACHINE LEARNING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY IN DATABASES, ECML PKDD 2016, PT III

Abstract
Learning from data streams is a challenge faced by data science professionals from multiple industries. Most of them struggle hardly on applying traditional Machine Learning algorithms to solve these problems. It happens so due to their high availability on ready-to-use software libraries on big data technologies (e.g. SparkML). Nevertheless, most of them cannot cope with the key characteristics of this type of data such as high arrival rate and/or non-stationary distributions. In this paper, we introduce a generic and yet simplistic framework to fill this gap denominated Concept Neurons. It leverages on a combination of continuous inspection schemas and residual-based updates over the model parameters and/or the model output. Such framework can empower the resistance of most of induction learning algorithms to concept drifts. Two distinct and hence closely related flavors are introduced to handle different drift types. Experimental results on successful distinct applications on different domains along transportation industry are presented to uncover the hidden potential of this methodology.

2016

Time-evolving O-D matrix estimation using high-speed GPS data streams

Autores
Moreira Matias, L; Gama, J; Ferreira, M; Mendes Moreira, J; Damas, L;

Publicação
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS

Abstract
Portable digital devices equipped with GPS antennas are ubiquitous sources of continuous information for location-based Expert and Intelligent Systems. The availability of these traces on the human mobility patterns is growing explosively. To mine this data is a fascinating challenge which can produce a big impact on both travelers and transit agencies. This paper proposes a novel incremental framework to maintain statistics on the urban mobility dynamics over a time-evolving origin-destination (O-D) matrix. The main motivation behind such task is to be able to learn from the location-based samples which are continuously being produced, independently on their source, dimensionality or (high) communicational rate. By doing so, the authors aimed to obtain a generalist framework capable of summarizing relevant context-aware information which is able to follow, as close as possible, the stochastic dynamics on the human mobility behavior. Its potential impact ranges Expert Systems for decision support across multiple industries, from demand estimation for public transportation planning till travel time prediction for intelligent routing systems, among others. The proposed methodology settles on three steps: (i) Half-Space trees are used to divide the city area into dense subregions of equal mass. The uncovered regions form an O-D matrix which can be updated by transforming the trees'leaves into conditional nodes (and vice-versa). The (ii) Partioning Incremental Algorithm is then employed to discretize the target variable's historical values on each matrix cell. Finally, a (iii) dimensional hierarchy is defined to discretize the domains of the independent variables depending on the cell's samples. A Taxi Network running on a mid-sized city in Portugal was selected as a case study. The Travel Time Estimation (TTE) problem was regarded as a real-world application. Experiments using one million data samples were conducted to validate the methodology. The results obtained highlight the straightforward contribution of this method: it is capable of resisting to the drift while still approximating context-aware solutions through a multidimensional discretization of the feature space. It is a step ahead in estimating the real-time mobility dynamics, regardless of its application field.

2013

Predicting Taxi-Passenger Demand Using Streaming Data

Autores
Moreira Matias, L; Gama, J; Ferreira, M; Mendes Moreira, J; Damas, L;

Publicação
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

Abstract
Informed driving is increasingly becoming a key feature for increasing the sustainability of taxi companies. The sensors that are installed in each vehicle are providing new opportunities for automatically discovering knowledge, which, in return, delivers information for real-time decision making. Intelligent transportation systems for taxi dispatching and for finding time-saving routes are already exploring these sensing data. This paper introduces a novel methodology for predicting the spatial distribution of taxi-passengers for a short-term time horizon using streaming data. First, the information was aggregated into a histogram time series. Then, three time-series forecasting techniques were combined to originate a prediction. Experimental tests were conducted using the online data that are transmitted by 441 vehicles of a fleet running in the city of Porto, Portugal. The results demonstrated that the proposed framework can provide effective insight into the spatiotemporal distribution of taxi-passenger demand for a 30-min horizon.

2014

On predicting a call center's workload: A discretization-based approach

Autores
Moreira Matias, L; Nunes, R; Ferreira, M; Mendes Moreira, J; Gama, J;

Publicação
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

Abstract
Agent scheduling in call centers is a major management problem as the optimal ratio between service quality and costs is hardly achieved. In the literature, regression and time series analysis methods have been used to address this problem by predicting the future arrival counts. In this paper, we propose to discretize these target variables into finite intervals. By reducing its domain length, the goal is to accurately mine the demand peaks as these are the main cause for abandoned calls. This was done by employing multi-class classification. This approach was tested on a real-world dataset acquired through a taxi dispatching call center. The results demonstrate that this framework can accurately reduce the number of abandoned calls, while maintaining a reasonable staff-based cost. © 2014 Springer International Publishing.

2013

On Predicting the Taxi-Passenger Demand: A Real-Time Approach

Autores
Moreira Matias, L; Gama, J; Ferreira, M; Mendes Moreira, J; Damas, L;

Publicação
PROGRESS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, EPIA 2013

Abstract
Informed driving is becoming a key feature to increase the sustainability of taxi companies. Some recent works are exploring the data broadcasted by each vehicle to provide live information for decision making. In this paper, we propose a method to employ a learning model based on historical GPS data in a real-time environment. Our goal is to predict the spatiotemporal distribution of the Taxi-Passenger demand in a short time horizon. We did so by using learning concepts originally proposed to a well-known online algorithm: the perceptron [1]. The results were promising: we accomplished a satisfactory performance to output the next prediction using a short amount of resources.

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