Abstract
A Fabry-Perot microcavity tip temperature sensor based on a special design double-cladding optical fiber is proposed. The produced fiber has pure silica core and outer cladding and a silica ring doped with phosphorous. The whole ring region is removed by chemical etching post-processing. Consequently, light will be guided in the core region. In a first step, the double-cladding optical fiber is spliced to single mode fiber. Afterwards, the tip is etched in a solution of 48% hydrofluoric acid. The inner cladding will be etched faster, and the core becomes suspended and surrounded by air. The Fabry-Perot microcavity tip sensor is subjected to temperature, and a linear sensitivity of 14.6 pm/degrees C is obtained.

Abstract
A new smart structure based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) embedded into composite laminates for temperature and strain simultaneous measurement has been designed and experimentally tested. Two holes have been drilled at preset locations in the composite plate to create different strain sensitivities at different locations. The proposed design has been compared to three reference sensing heads also based on embedding FBGs into composite materials. Experimental results agree remarkably well with mechanical simulations and validate all the tested designs for the temperature-strain discrimination. Based on the same principle, another sensing head with a long single FBG embedded has also been designed and experimentally tested, obtaining temperature independent strain measurement.

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of optical fiber sensors based on Fabry-Perot interferometers with a focus on high temperature applications. The next generation of these fiber types interferometers are based in photonic crystal fibers, microfabrication as well as by chemical etching of special structures. High temperature measurements with linear behavior are observed namely in un-doped fibers, i.e., with a pure silica composition. Three new configurations are presented as possible solutions to be considered in extreme conditions.

Abstract
A Fabry-Pérot microcavity tip sensor based on the post-process of a special design double-cladding optical fiber is proposed. The sensor is subjected to temperature variations in both air and water. © OSA 2013.

Abstract
A Fabry-Perot microcavity tip sensor fabricated by post-processing of a special design double-cladding optical fiber is proposed. The produced fiber has a pure silica core, an outer cladding, and an inner silica cladding surrounding the core doped with phosphorous. When subjected to chemical etching post-processing, the whole ring region is removed and light is guided in the core region. The sensing head is created by splicing this fiber to single mode fiber and applying chemical etching to the fiber end. The core is forming a tip and it is thus surrounded by air. The Fabry-Perot microcavity tip sensor is subjected to temperature, and a sensitivity of 15.5 pm/degrees C is obtained.

Abstract
This work discusses remote fiber sensors enabled by optical amplification. Continuous wave numerical modeling based on the propagation of pumps and signal lasers coupled to optical fibers explores Raman amplification schemes to predict the sensor's behavior. Experimental analyses report the results to a temperature remote optical sensor with 50 km distance between the central unit and the sensor head. An electrical interrogation scheme is used due to their low cost and good time response. Different architectures in remote sensor systems are evaluated, where diffraction gratings are the sensor element. A validation of calculated results is performed by experimental analyses and, as an application, the noise generated by Raman amplification in the remote sensors systems is simulated applying such numerical modeling. The analyses of sensors systems based on diffraction gratings requires optical broadband sources to interrogate the optical sensor unit, mainly in long period gratings that shows a characteristic rejection band. Therefore, the sensor distance is limited to a few kilometers due to the attenuation in optical fibers. Additional attenuation is introduced by the sensor element. Hence, to extend the distance in the optical sensor system, the optical amplification system is needed to compensate the losses in the optical fibers. The Raman amplification technology was selected mainly due to the flexibility in the gain bandwidth. The modeling can be applied to sensor systems that monitor sites located at long distances, or in places that the access is restricted due to harsh environment conditions in such cases conventional sensors are relatively fast deteriorated.